Uute aedmaasika (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) sortide ’Cory’ ja ’Verdi ’ saagikus maheviljeluses

Abstract

Eesti marjakasvatuses on üks suurima kasvupotentsiaaliga kultuuridest aedmaasikas (Fragaria x ananassa). Mahekasvatus on pidevas arengus ja tootjad on teadlikumad bioloogilistest taimekaitsevahenditest. , Maasika-hahkhallitus (Botrytis cinerea) võib tõrje puudumisel vihmasel ja jahedal suvel põhjustada kuni 50% saagikao. Töö eesmärk on välja selgitada uute sortide ’Cory’ ja ‘Verdi’ saagikus maheviljeluses võrrelduna sordiga ’Sonsation’ ja teha kindlaks, kas preparaadid Prestop, Cobre ja Mimetic võimaldavad tõrjuda efektiivselt hahkhallitust. Katse viidi läbi 2021 aasta suvel Tartumaal Aran PM OÜ katseistandikus. Katsefaktorid olid: 1) Prestop, millega pritsiti taimi õitsemisel 1 kord. 2) Mimetic+Cobre, millega pritsiti taimi 3 korda katseperioodil. 3) kontrollvariant, millel hahkhallitust ei tõrjutud. Katse tulemustest selgus, et ’Verdi’ saagikus oli oluliselt madalam kui sordil ’Sonsation’. Teisel katsesordil ’Cory’ ei olnud saagikus oluliselt madalam kui sordil ’Sonsation’. Kokkuvõttes 2021 suvekuumus kahandas saagikust. Sortide kogusaak oli: ´Verdi´ 112 g/taim, ´Cory 129g/taim´, ’Sonsation’ 139g/taim. Maasika-hahkhallituse tunnustega vilju saadi kogu praagist 0,5% ja antud andmed ei ole piisavad järelduste tegemiseks. Leheanalüüsist selgus, et Mimetic +Cobre katsevariandil oli oluliselt suurem lehtedes vasesisaldus ja Mimetic+Cobre saagikuse andmed olid suuremad kontroll varinadist.

In Estonian fruit production, garden strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) has one of the biggest growth potentials. Organic farming is continuously growing, and producers are more aware of biological products that protect plants and help to increase crop yield. In case of a rainy and cool summer a grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) can cause up to 50% crop loss. The purpose of this research is to compare new cultivars ’Cory’ and ’Verdi’ with already known ’Sonsation’ in terms of yield in organic cultivations system and to find out if Prestop, Cobre and Mimetic offer effective grey mould protection. In 2021 an experiment was undertaken in Aran PM OÜ Tartumaa experimental plantation. Following treatments were used: 1) Prestop, plants were sprayed one time during flowering: 2) Mimetic+Cobre, plants were sprayed three times during the season; 3) Control - no spraying against grey mould. The results of the research showed that ’Verdi’ yield was considerably lower than the yield of ’Sonsation’.’Cory’ didn’t have significantly different yield comapred to ’Sonsation’. The summer heat in 2021 reduced the yield, which was as follows: . ’Verdi’ – 112g per plant, ’Cory’ – 129g per plant , ’Sonsation’ – 139 per plant . Due to the very hot summer, only 0.5% of the fruits were infected with grey mould ,which is not enough to draw conclusions from.