Mittesteroidsete põletikuvastaste humaanravimite kasutamine kassidel ja koertel – omanike teadlikkus Eestis

Abstract

Lemmikloomade mürgistused ehk toksikoosid mittesteroidsete põletikuvastaste ravimitega (ingl nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – NSAIDs) on sagedased, kusjuures mürgistuse võivad loomad saada nii halvasti hoiustatud ravimitele ligi pääsedes kui ka loomaomanikupoolse manustamise tagajärjel. Uurimistöö eesmärk oli koguda infot Eesti loomaomanike teadmiste kohta seitsme enim levinud käsimüügi valuvaigisti (aspiriin, ibuprofeen, ketoprofeen, deksketoprofeen, naprokseen, diklofenak, paratsetamool) kasutamisest kassidel ja koertel. Käesoleva kirjeldava ülevaateuuringu andmete kogumiseks kasutati anonüümset küsimustikku (ajaperioodil 9 kuud). Küsimustik oli kättesaadav internetis ja kahes Tartu loomakliiniku registratuuris. Kokku analüüsiti 448 inimese küsimustiku vastuseid. Uuringust selgus, et 13,4% vastajatest olid oma lemmikloomadele manustanud NSAID-e ja/või paratsetamooli. Uuringu tulemuste põhjal pidas ligi viiendik inimestest käsimüügis olevaid valuvaigisteid kassidele ja koertele ohutuks. Kasside kohta koostatud küsimustele vastas täiesti korrektselt kaks inimest ning koerte puhul täiesti õiged vastused puudusid. Teadlikkus oli suurem veterinaarmeditsiini valdkonnaga seotud inimestel. Kokkuvõtvalt viitavad uurimistöö tulemused Eesti loomaomanike vähesele teadlikkusele käsimüügis olevate NSAID-ide ja paratsetamooli kahjulikkusest lemmikloomadele ning sellega seoses esineb potentsiaalne oht loomade tervisele ja heaolule.

Overdose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a common reason for toxicosis in veterinary patients. Toxicosis can occur due to misuse by owners, off-label use of medicine and accidental ingestion. The aim of this descriptive research was to study the knowledge of Estonian animal owners’ about the use of over-the-counter sold nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in cats and dogs. This thesis contains over-the-counter drugs in Estonian pharmacies, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, dexketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and paracetamol. The data were collected via anonymous questionnaire during a 9-month period. In total, 448 cat and dog owners’ answers were analyzed in this study. Owners could fill the questionnaire online or at the reception of two animal clinics in Tartu. It was found that approximately one fifth of people thought that the metabolism of a dog and a cat is similar enough to give them painkillers with similar active substances. Therefore, 13.4% of people had given over-the-counter sold painkillers to their pets. Approximately one fifth of people thought that there are safe pankillers amongst drugs that are sold in human pharmacies. It was found that the knowledge about over-the-counter painkillers was better amongst people with a veterinary medicine background. Out of 448 people only two managed to answer correctly to questions about safe drugs for cats. There was no one who could answer the questions correctly about dogs. The results of this study indicate that Estonian pet owners’ have limited knowledge about the painkillers sold over-the-counter. It is noted that the awareness of potential side effects have to be raised, as it can pose a potential threat to animal health and welfare.