As part of a global phenomenon, a 30% decrease in average wind speed since 1996 in southern Estonia together with more frequent easterly winds resulted in 47% decrease in bottom shear stress in the large (270 km2), shallow ...

In many regions across the globe, extreme weather events such as storms have increased in frequency, intensity, and duration due to climate change. Ecological theory predicts that such extreme events should have large ...

The post-soviet period in Eastern Europe brought about fast changes in economy, land use, and environmental protection, whereas legacy effects of the previous era of heavy contamination continued emerging in the status of ...

One of the challenges for predicting global change effects on aquatic ecosystems is the vague understanding of the mechanisms of multiple controlling factors affecting phytoplankton dynamics at different time scales. ...

Soil water-stable aggregate (WSA) stability is one of the most important indicators of soil health, because it influences chemical, biological and other physical properties. At the same time, WSA formation, stabilization and ...

Finding out the best agricultural management practices for certain climatic regions and soils is crucial to maintain soils quality. One of the practices, to stop soil erosion, reduce leaching and increase soil organic ...

Soil formation on the human time scale is immensely time consuming, although it can be significantly accelerated through the effects of vegetation. The content of water-stable aggregates (WSAs) is a useful indicator for ...

The decomposition of fresh crop residues added to soil for agricultural purposes is complex. This is due to di erent factors that influence the decomposition process. In field conditions, the incorporation of crop residues ...