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Väetamise mõju vahekultuuride biomassile ja toitainete sidumisele

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Date
2020
Embargo Lift Date
27.08.2020
Author
Adamson, Kervin
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Abstract
Vahekultuuride kasvatamine külvikorras aitab vältida toitainete leostumist põhikultuuride vahelisel perioodil ja parandada mullaviljakust. Vahekultuuride efektiivseks toitainete sidumiseks on vajalik tagada nende suur biomass. Bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks on selgitada välja väetamise mõju vahekultuuride biomassile ja toitainete sisaldumisele. Töö käigus analüüsiti kokku nelja erinevat katset (ETKI katse, OÜ Rannu Seeme katse ja kaks katset OÜ Erumäe Kari maadel), mis viidi läbi 2016-2019. aastatel. Katsetes kasutati erinevaid vahekultuuride segusid mida väetati kas mineraalse lämmastikväetisega või orgaanilise väetisega. ETKI katses kasutatud neljast vahekultuurist (kesaredis, keerispea, valge sinep ja tatar) avaldas mineraalväetise kasutamine usutavat mõju vaid kesaredise biomassile. OÜ Rannu Seeme katses uuriti väetamise mõju kahele vahekultuuride segule: Segu H (põldhernes, keerispea ja tatar) ning Segu V (talivikk, keerispea ja tatar). Mineraalväetisega väetamine mõjutas rohkem Segu H-d. OÜ Erumäe Kari maadele rajati vedelsõnnikuga väetamise katse kahel aastal. Vedelsõnnikuga väetamine suurendas mõlemal aastal vahekultuuride biomassi. Töös selgus, et nii mineraal- kui orgaaniline väetamine mõjutab vahekultuuride biomassi ja toitainete sidumist. Antud tööl on ka edasiuurimise perspektiivi. Uurida saaks näiteks toitainete leostumist või vedelsõnniku mulda viimist koos vahekultuuride seemnetega.
 
In the modern agricultural sector, it is important to place great emphasis on maintaining and improving soil health. Healthy soil with high content of organic matter is the basis of successful agriculture. Cover crops are grown in fallow periods of cropping systems to protect the soil from nutrient loss and improve soil fertility. For sufficient nutrient accumulation, it is essential to produce high amount of biomass. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization on the biomass and nutrient accumulation of cover crops. Four different experiments were carried out between 2016-2019 at Estonian Crop Research Institute (ECRI), OÜ Rannu Seeme and OÜ Erumäe Kari. Different cover crop mixtures used in the experiments were fertilized with either a mineral or organic fertilizer. Of the four cover crops used in the ECRI experiment (forage radish, phacelia, white mustard and buckwheat), the use of mineral fertilizer had effect only on the biomass of forage radish. The effect of fertilization were studied in the experiment of OÜ Rannu Seeme on two mixtures of catch crops: Mixture H (field pea, phacelia and buckwheat) and Mixture V (hairy vetch, phacelia and buckwheat). Fertilization with mineral fertilizer had a greater effect on Mixture H. In the two year experiment at OÜ Erumäe Kari, liquid manure fertilization increased the biomass of cover crops in both years. The study indicated that both mineral and organic fertilizers affect biomass and nutrient accumulation of cover crops. Further research seems necessary to investigate nutrient leaching and the incorporation of liquid manure into the soil with cover crop seeds.
 
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10492/5773
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  • 1. Bakalaureusetööd

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All items in EMU digital archive DSpace are protected by original copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.
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