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Viljelusviisi mõju mükotoksiinide sisaldusele kaeras

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Date
2019
Embargo Lift Date
30.08.2019
Author
Juurik, Marite
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Abstract
Kaera populaarsus kasvab tänu selle tervislikkusele, aga samas on leitud, et kaeras leidub kõige rohkem mükotoksiin deoksünivalenooli (DON). Selle mükotoksiini kahjulikkus inimeste ja loomade tervisele on kaasa toonud vastavalt tarbimiseesmärkidele piirmäärad. Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada Fusarium seente esinemine ning mükotoksiini DON sisaldus tava – ja maheviljeluslikult kasvatatud kaera saagis, ning töötada välja protokoll seentega nakatumise molekulaarseks määramiseks polümeraasi ahelreaktsiooni meetodiga. Koristusaja hilinedes tavaviljeluses kasvas Fusarium seentega nakatanud terade protsent, kuid maheviljeluses toimus nakatumise langus. Kuid keskmiste tulemuste võrdlemisel ei mõjutanud viljelusviis uuritud kaera teradel Fusarium seente esinemist. Mükotoksiini DON sisaldus kõigis kaeraproovides oli madalam toidukaera piirmäärast (1750 µg/kg), ning DON–i sisaldust mõjutas koristusaeg. Teisel koristusel, 6.augustil 2018, oli mükotoksiini DON sisaldus kõige suurem, nii tava – kui maheviljeluses. Väljatöötatud ja testitud sai toksiliste seente molekulaarse määramise esialgne protokoll. Molekulaarne määramine universaalsete seente praimerite abil näitas, et valitud kaeraproovides oli toimunud DNA nakatumine seenega.
 
The popularity of oats is increasing due to its healthiness, but at the same time there have been studies indicating the highest incidence of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in oats. The harmfulness of DON to humans and animals health has led to limits for consumption at the EU level. The aim of the Bachelor’s Thesis was to identify and measure the presence of Fusarium fungi and mycotoxin deoxynivalenol levels in conventional and organically grown oat, and to develop a protocol for molecular detection of fungal infection by the polymerase chain reaction method. Harvest time impacted the the percentage of grains infected with Fusarium fungi: the percentage increased in conventional crops, and decreased in organic crops. The farming system did not affect the presence of Fusarium fungi in oat samples when comparing the average results. Presence of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol was lower in all oat samples compared to the limit of oat for human consumption (1750 µg/kg), and the content of DON was influenced by the harvesting time. Mycotoxin DON content was the highest in both farming system at the second harvest, on August 6, 2018. The protocol for the molecular identification of toxic fungi was optimized and tested. Molecular identification with universal fungal primers detected fungal DNA in all selected oat samples.
 
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http://hdl.handle.net/10492/4921
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  • 1. Bakalaureusetööd

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DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
All items in EMU digital archive DSpace are protected by original copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.
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