Mesophyll conductance is the CO2 diffusion efficiency through the leaf from the substomatal cavity to chloroplasts located in plant cells. It is an important step determining photosynthetic efficiency next to photosynthetic ...

Phytoplankton is the most important primary producer in the aquatic ecosystems and account for half of all photosynthetic activity on earth, thus creating the base for most aquatic food chains. It also plays key role in ...

The thesis addresses three important problems of plant population biology and ecology by studying Estonian populations of sickle medic Medicago sativa L. ssp. falcata (L.) Arcangeli (hereafter falcata), as a model plant ...

In the Baltic States, the main goal in apple- related research has been to find out the winter hardy rootstocks and cultivars. The focus in yield quality studies has been on apple size, appearance and storability. Different ...

Despite the considerable percentage of inland waters in the temperate zone land cover, their role in the global carbon balance is not clear and the existing data suggest large type specific differences. Respiratory CO2 ...

Most of the milk produced in Europe is converted into cheese by enzymatic coagulation. Therefore the coagulation ability of milk is of great economical interest and widely studied trait. Yet, there is no clear genetic or ...

Increased human influence causes loss of habitats of plant species and changes in species distribution. Combining changes in species distributions and abundance with their functional traits enables to evaluate species of ...

One of the under-utilised potential agricultural sources of bioenergy feedstock is the herbaceous biomass obtained from semi-natural grasslands. For biodiversity maintenance, it is important that semi-natural grasslands ...

Ecological networks aim to integrate biodiversity conservation with sustainable spatial development. Their governance in Europe is shaped by the interplays between multiple actors from various levels along spatial and ...

One of the key issues in the debates and research of structural changes in agriculture has been the livelihood and survival of family farms. Reduced demand for agricultural labour due to the technological progress, rising ...