Diversified cropping systems for promoting the beneficial insects - ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Laen...
Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadav alates
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Estonian University of Life Sciences
Abstrakt
In agro-ecosystems ground beetles - carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are important
as generalist predators of invertebrate pests and weed seeds and as prey for larger animals. This
way they contribute to biodiversity and influence the most important ecological processes.
Impacts of crop management practices on the carabids are not well described. Carabids were
studied in winter wheat which is one crop in the rotation experiment (barley undersown with
clover-clover-winter wheat-pea-potato). Carabids were collected with pitfall trap during one
week at the end of June 2022. In laboratory, their species was identified. Trapping of carabids
during the spiking phase of winter wheat has shown significant differences in carabids activitydensity and diversity depending on five different cropping systems. In two conventional systems
where pesticides were used the number of carabids was two times smaller in comparison with
three organic systems. Activity-density and diversity of carabids was significantly higher in all
organic systems and especially in Org II system where winter cover crops and composted manure
where used for rotation diversification. The Shannon–Wiener index values, which takes into
account the number of species and their relative abundance were 1.24–1.53 in conventional
systems, but higher in diversified organic systems (1.60–1.78). Only in organic systems Org I
and Org II there were very rare species present, like Acupalpus meridianus (Linnaeus) and
Microlestes minutulus (Goeze). In diversified organic systems the higher activity-density and
abundance of carabids could be explained by the diverse plant community as possible source for
better food and microclimatic conditions.
Kirjeldus
Received: January 31st, 2023 ; Accepted: April 10th, 2023 ; Published: April 27th, 2023 ; Correspondence: liina.talgre@emu.ee
Märksõnad
organic cropping, winter cover crops, conventional cropping, pesticides, weed, articles