Metaanilagunduskattekihi sobivus puude kasvuks Kudjape prügilal hariliku kuuse ja euroopa lehise näitel
Laen...
Kuupäev
2016
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Käesoleva bakalaureuse töö teema valimise põhjuseks oli suurema projekti raames toimunud
uurimine, mis tegeleb Saaremaal, Kudjapel paikneva metaanilagunduskihiga kaetud Kudjape
prügila seirega. Töö eesmärgiks on uurida Kudjape prügila kattekihi sobivust kõrghaljastuse
kasvuks, sinna istutatud hariliku kuuse (Picea abies) ja euroopa lehise (Larix decidua) näitel.
Saadud andmete põhjal koostada mäest mudelid säilinud puude kohta, mida oleks võimalik
vaadelda indikaatorina kattekihi seisundi hindamisel.
Töös kasutatud andmete seas on nii töö koostaja enda poolt kogutud andmeid, kui ka teiste
projektis osalevate teadurite andmeid, mida vaadeldakse ühtse tervikuna. Töö autori poolt läbi
viidud välitööd toimusid 2015. aasta oktoobris, mille tulemusel on teada puude säilivus ning
aastased juurdekasvud.
Mäel kasvavatest puudest ning mitmesugustest pinnase karakteristikutest (niiskus,
prügilagaas, pH, temperatuur, elektrijuhtivus) on koostatud mudelid, tänu millele on võimalik
hinnata puude säilivust ning kasvutingimusi.
Kudjape prügilasse istutatud euroopa lehistest (Larix decidua) on säilinud vaid 40 % ning
harilikest kuuskedest (Picea abies) 60 %. Aastased keskmised juurdekasvud 2015. aastal olid
lehisel 6 cm ja kuusel 3,5 cm. Prügilast tingitud teguritest on Kudjapel puude kasvu ilmselt
enim mõjutanud pH kõrgem tase ning kattekihi niiskusrežiim. Prügilagaasi emissioon
Kudjapel on väike. Tõenäoliselt mõjutasid puude suremust ka hiline istutamine ning liiga
suured istikud. Samalaadsete tööde tegemiseks tulevikus tuleks Kudjape metaanilagundukattel
olevate puude kasvu pikemalt edasi uurida.
Kudjape landfill was closed in 2009 and was covered with methane oxidation layer, composed of landfill fine fraction (60 %), sludge compost (20 %) and mineral soil (20 %). In 2013, right after the restoration works had fnished, Larix decidua and Picea abies where planted on the hill. Soon it was noticed that the trees started to die. This bachelor thesis is part of a bigger project in which Kudjape landfill is being studied and monitored. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether methane oxidation layer is suitable as growing media for threes; and which landfill characteristics have influenced their growth. Data used in this thesis is collected by the author or from other studies related to the Kudjape landfill. Many characteristics common for closed landfills were studied and models where created, which help to visualize various tree-growth related parameters, and analyse the influence of landfill on tree growth and mortality. Main soil characteristics that have an effect on tree growth are usually landfill gas, moisture and pH. In Kudjape landfill, soil pH is about 7,5 which is much higher than larch and spruce are used to. Soil moisture content was low probable because of long dry period and the fact, that waste has low capillary rise. It shows that in dry periods cover might dry out and trees would need irrigation. A long-term study should be carried out, to understand the relationship between cover moisture and tree growth. In Kudjape, landfill gas is probably not an issue for tree growth, because emission of methane and CO2 was low. The planted trees where quite big and the planting time was late (in august), landfill conditions might have had a stronger influence on trees, due to slower adaptability.
Kudjape landfill was closed in 2009 and was covered with methane oxidation layer, composed of landfill fine fraction (60 %), sludge compost (20 %) and mineral soil (20 %). In 2013, right after the restoration works had fnished, Larix decidua and Picea abies where planted on the hill. Soon it was noticed that the trees started to die. This bachelor thesis is part of a bigger project in which Kudjape landfill is being studied and monitored. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether methane oxidation layer is suitable as growing media for threes; and which landfill characteristics have influenced their growth. Data used in this thesis is collected by the author or from other studies related to the Kudjape landfill. Many characteristics common for closed landfills were studied and models where created, which help to visualize various tree-growth related parameters, and analyse the influence of landfill on tree growth and mortality. Main soil characteristics that have an effect on tree growth are usually landfill gas, moisture and pH. In Kudjape landfill, soil pH is about 7,5 which is much higher than larch and spruce are used to. Soil moisture content was low probable because of long dry period and the fact, that waste has low capillary rise. It shows that in dry periods cover might dry out and trees would need irrigation. A long-term study should be carried out, to understand the relationship between cover moisture and tree growth. In Kudjape, landfill gas is probably not an issue for tree growth, because emission of methane and CO2 was low. The planted trees where quite big and the planting time was late (in august), landfill conditions might have had a stronger influence on trees, due to slower adaptability.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, prügilad, metaan, haljastus, Kudjape, kuusk, lehis