Sentinel-3/OLCI - kaugseire tugi fütoplanktoni näitajate jaoks EL veepoliitika raamdirektiivi (2000/60/EÜ) rakendamiseks
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Kuupäev
2021
Kättesaadavus
02.09.2021
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Euroopa Parlamendi ja Nõukogu veepoliitika raamdirektiiv 2000/60/EÜ kehtestas kõigile Euroopa Liidu liikmesriikidele ülesande viia kõigi üle 50 ha veepeegliga veekogude kvaliteet vähemalt tasemeni „hea“ aastaks 2015, tähtaega pikendati hiljem aastani 2027. Veekogude ökoloogilise seisundi hindamiseks seiratakse VRD raames muuhulgas fütoplanktoni kvaliteednäitajaid (fütoplanktoni biomass, klorofüll α kontsentratsioon ja sinivetikate osakaal fütoplanktonis).
Käesolevas magistritöös uuriti Sentinel-3/OLCI võimalikke kasutusviise veepoliitika raamdirektiivi (2000/60/EÜ) rakendamiseks fütoplanktoni kvaliteedinäitajate seires. Magistritöö eesmärk oli hinnata OLCI ja in situ mõõtmiste tulemuste vastavust, sinivetikate ja veeõitsengute parameetreid Peipsi järves 2019. aastal ja kaugseire kasutamise potentsiaali veekogu kvaliteediklassi määramisel.
Töös kasutati Peipsi järve pikaajalisi seireandmeid aastatest 1983 – 2020 (saadud Limnoloogiakeskuse andmebaasist), Peipsi järve hüdrobioloogilise seire andmeid aastatest 2016 – 2020 (saadud Keskkonnaagentuuri KESE andmebaasist) ja Sentinel-3/OLCI andmeid aastatest 2016 – 2020 (saadud Maa-ameti geoportaalist ESTHub). OLCI andmetest leiti fütoplanktoni kvaliteedinäitajate väärtused kasutades MCI (Maximum Chlorophyll Index) algoritmi. Andmete valideerimiseks võrreldi neid sama päeva in situ tulemustega seirepunktidest aastatel 2016 – 2020. Veeõitsengud OLCI andmetes määrati kolmel meetodil (kahel meetodil klorofüll α mediaani alusel erinevatest ajavahemikest ja sinivetikate protsendi meetodil). OLCI 15 päeva keskmistatud andmete põhjal koostati klorofüll α ja sinivetikate protsendi 2019. aasta dünaamika kaardid, 2019. aasta keskmiste väärtuste kaardid ja järve ökoloogiliste kvaliteediklasside kaardid hetkel kehtivate ja välja pakutud uute klassipiiride alusel.
Käesoleva töö tulemused näitavad, et kaugseire meetoditel saadud andmed ja ökoloogilise kvaliteediklassi hinnangud on vastavuses in situ tulemuste ja nendel põhinevate hinnangutega. Veeõitsengute parameetrite hindamiseks sobivad paremini klorofüll α pikaajalistel mediaanidel põhinevad meetodid. OLCI andmed sobivad hästi täiendama fütoplanktoni in situ seiret ja aitavad saavutada VRD eesmärke.
The European Parliament and Union Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) established that all bodies of water with surface area greater than 50 ha in the European Union member states must achieve at least „good“ ecological status by the year 2015, which was extended to 2027. In scope of WFD many water quality indicators are monitored, including phyoplankton quality elements (phytoplankton total biomass, chlorophyll α concentration and percentage of cyanobacteria of the phytoplankton biomass). This thesis explores the potential applications of Sentinel-3/OLCI instrument for water quality monitoring in scope of Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) application. The purpose of the thesis was to evaluate the correspondence of phytoplankton monitoring results from OLCI and in situ methods, cyanobacteria and algae bloom parameters in Lake Peipsi on year 2019 and the potential of remote sensing methods for determining the ecological quality class of the lake. Long term monitoring data was used for Lake Peipsi from 1983 to 2020 (the Center of Limnology’s database), data from Lake Peipsi hydrobiological monitoring reports from 2016 to 2020 (from the Environmental Agency’s database KESE) and Sentinel-3/OLCI data from 2016 to 2020 (Land Board satellite database ESTHub). Values for phytoplankton quality indicators were calculated from OLCI data using MCI (Maximum Chlorophyll Index) algorithm. For validation the data was compared with same day in situ measurements from the relevant monitoring sites on years 2016 – 2020. Three methods were used for determining algae blooms in the OLCI data – two methds based on chlorophyll α long term median values using different timeframes and one method based on cyanobacteria percentage of the total phytoplankton biomass. 15 day rolling averages were used to compile maps to visualize the dynamics of chlorophyll α and cyanobacteria % in 2019. In addition, maps for average values for both parameters and showing phytoplankton ecological quality classification were produced for the year 2019. Ecological quality maps were compiled based on the limit values currently in effect as well as proposed new limist. The thesis concluded that phytoplankton parameters and ecological quality classification were in accordance with in situ results and the quality evaluation based on them. Methods based on long time mean chlorohyll α values were more suitable for determining the extent of algae blooms. OLCI data is a good addition to information gathered from in situ measurements and using remote sensing methods can improve the quality of phytoplankton monitoring, as well as help reaching the goals of WFD.
The European Parliament and Union Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) established that all bodies of water with surface area greater than 50 ha in the European Union member states must achieve at least „good“ ecological status by the year 2015, which was extended to 2027. In scope of WFD many water quality indicators are monitored, including phyoplankton quality elements (phytoplankton total biomass, chlorophyll α concentration and percentage of cyanobacteria of the phytoplankton biomass). This thesis explores the potential applications of Sentinel-3/OLCI instrument for water quality monitoring in scope of Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) application. The purpose of the thesis was to evaluate the correspondence of phytoplankton monitoring results from OLCI and in situ methods, cyanobacteria and algae bloom parameters in Lake Peipsi on year 2019 and the potential of remote sensing methods for determining the ecological quality class of the lake. Long term monitoring data was used for Lake Peipsi from 1983 to 2020 (the Center of Limnology’s database), data from Lake Peipsi hydrobiological monitoring reports from 2016 to 2020 (from the Environmental Agency’s database KESE) and Sentinel-3/OLCI data from 2016 to 2020 (Land Board satellite database ESTHub). Values for phytoplankton quality indicators were calculated from OLCI data using MCI (Maximum Chlorophyll Index) algorithm. For validation the data was compared with same day in situ measurements from the relevant monitoring sites on years 2016 – 2020. Three methods were used for determining algae blooms in the OLCI data – two methds based on chlorophyll α long term median values using different timeframes and one method based on cyanobacteria percentage of the total phytoplankton biomass. 15 day rolling averages were used to compile maps to visualize the dynamics of chlorophyll α and cyanobacteria % in 2019. In addition, maps for average values for both parameters and showing phytoplankton ecological quality classification were produced for the year 2019. Ecological quality maps were compiled based on the limit values currently in effect as well as proposed new limist. The thesis concluded that phytoplankton parameters and ecological quality classification were in accordance with in situ results and the quality evaluation based on them. Methods based on long time mean chlorohyll α values were more suitable for determining the extent of algae blooms. OLCI data is a good addition to information gathered from in situ measurements and using remote sensing methods can improve the quality of phytoplankton monitoring, as well as help reaching the goals of WFD.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Keskkonnakorralduse ja –poliitika õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, kaugseire, Sentinel-3/OLCI, veepoliitika raamdirektiiv, klorofüll