The Impact of extracellular vesicles from commercially available milk on Staphylococcus aureus growth
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Kuupäev
2024
Kättesaadavus
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Kirjastaja
Estonian University of Life Sciences
Abstrakt
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus poses a significant threat to both animal and human health. Milk, recognized for its potent antibacterial components that enhance offspring immunity, serves as a promising avenue for combating this challenge. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which facilitate intercellular communication, offer the potential for targeted antimicrobial delivery and insights into hostpathogen interactions. With a lipid bilayer structure and encapsulation of various biomolecules including proteins, RNAs, and DNAs, EVs present a rich area for investigation. The following research aimed to isolate EVs from pasteurized and unpasteurized milk whey (industry byproduct) by Tangential Flow Filtration (TFF) system and check the effect of EVs on the growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923. The bacteria were co-cultured with milkderived
EVs, namely pasteurized (P), concentrated pasteurized (CP) and unpasteurized (UP) industry whey at 1x107, 1x106, and 1x105 Colony
Forming Units per millilitre (CFU/ml). Bacterial growth was tracked by
measuring absorbance at 620 nm over 24 hours at 37°C. Phosphate buffer solution (PBS) with bacteria served as the negative control and all analyses were conducted in triplicate at the biological level, with each biological replicate comprising three technical replicates. The successful enrichment of EVs from various fractions of industrial whey was achieved, with their size and morphology aligning with previously reported characters of TFFderived milk EVs. Notably, these EVs exhibited the capability to impede the growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923. Although the observed inhibition of S. aureus growth was statistically insignificant (P=0.02, Sudent's t-test), confirmation using bacterial growth inhibition through CFU reduction assay is essential. This study highlights the significance of industrial whey as a vital source of EVs, providing a sustainable solution for waste repurposing with inherent antimicrobial properties. These findings highlight a promising avenue for continued exploration in this burgeoning field.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
extracellular vesicles, milk, Staphylococcus aureus, abstracts