Arukase (Betula pendula) kultiveerimisest Järvselja õppe- ja katsemetskonna näitel
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Kuupäev
2015
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Bakalaureusetöö annab ülevaate arukasest, metsa uuendamisest arukasega, sobilikest
kasvukohtadest arukasega kultiveerimiseks ning Järvselja õppe- ja katsemetskonna kvartali
211 katsealal läbiviidavast uurimusest ja selle tulemustest. Lõputöö eesmärgiks on võrrelda
katsealal kasvavate arukaskede 1. ja 2. kasvuaasta kõrguskasve ja säilivust ning võrrelda
uuritava katseala tulemusi teiste sarnaste arukase proovitükkidega, nende kaheaastases seisus.
Katsealale on rajatud 14 proovitükki mõõtmetega 30x40 m. Mais, 2013. aastal istutati
uuritavale eraldisele 5000 üheaastast kaseseemikut. Katseruutudele istutati taimi nelja erineva
algtihedusega. 2013. aasta oktoobris sooritati esimene kõrguse mõõtmine kuuel prooviruudul
ja 2014. aasta sügisel 2. mõõtmine proovitükkidel 1-14. Mõõdeti sentimeetri täpsusega
maapinnast ladva pungani kõik arukase taimed. Käesoleva töö autorina osalesin 2014. aasta
mõõtmistöödes ning töös kasutatud varajasemad andmed on kogutud eelnevate katseala
uurijate poolt.
Taimede kõrguskasve ja säilivust mõjutab peamiselt pinnase konditsioon. Arukaskede säilivus
on madalam liigniiskel ja kõrge taimestikuga alal. Teisel kasvuaastal on märgata madalat
säilivust ja kõrguskasvu ka kõrge algtihedusega (8000 tk/ha) katseruutudel. Katseruudul nr. 1
mõõdeti 2. kasvuaastal suurim keskmine kõrgus 104 cm ning ka kõrgeim säilivus 91,7%.
Madalaim keskmine kõrgus ja säilivus leiti liigniiskel ja rohketelt levivate hundinuiadega
prooviruudul nr. 10, kus keskmine kõrgus oli 79,2 cm ning säilivus vaid 57,3%. Võrdluses
teiste katsealadega jäid käesoleva katseala tulemused keskpäraseks. 1. ja 2. kasvuaasta
säilivuse protsendid olid paremate katsealade hulgas, kuid kõrguskasvud jäid pigem
madalamasse ossa.
Katseala tulemustega võib rahule jääda, arvestades seda, et kultuur on kohati liigniiske,
raiejäätmete rohke ja kõrge rohu- ja põõsarindega. Katseala hooldamine parandaks oluliselt
taimede kasvutingimusi ning seeläbi taimede kvaliteeti ja elujõulisust tulevikus.
This bachelor's thesis gives an overview about silver birch, forest renewal with silver birch and about the right growing area of silver birch. In addition to that it gives an overview about a study carried out in Järvselja training and experimental forest district's block 211 and it' s results. The purpose of the thesis is to compare the first and second year's height increase and survival and also to compare the results from given experiment area to other similar ones. There are 14 sample plots in the testing field, each measuring 30x40 meters. In May 2013 5000 one year old silver birch seedlings were planted on the experimental area. On the plots the plants were planted with four different densities. In October 2013 first height measurement was carried out on 6 plots. In the autumn 2014 the second measuring took place on plots 1-14. All the silver birches were measured from the ground to the top gemma. As the author of this thesis, I participated in the 2014 measurings. The older data used in the work is gathered by earlier researchers. The main criteria affecting the height growth and survival of the plants is soil condition. The survival of silver birches is lower on the soils where plant density and soil humidity are high. During the second year low survival and height growth are noticeable in the plots with high density (8000 tk/ha). The highest average height 104 cm and survival 91.7% in the 2. year was measured on plot number 1. The lowest average height 79.2 cm and survival 57.3% was measured on plot nr. 10 where the soil humidity was high and Typha spp. was present. In comparison to other testing fields our results were average. The survival during the first and second growth year was among the best, but the height growth was rather low. The results of the research were decent when the high humidity of soil, lots of logging waste and high grass and bush front are taken into consideration. Maintenance of the area would improve the growth conditions, quality and vitality of plants in the future.
This bachelor's thesis gives an overview about silver birch, forest renewal with silver birch and about the right growing area of silver birch. In addition to that it gives an overview about a study carried out in Järvselja training and experimental forest district's block 211 and it' s results. The purpose of the thesis is to compare the first and second year's height increase and survival and also to compare the results from given experiment area to other similar ones. There are 14 sample plots in the testing field, each measuring 30x40 meters. In May 2013 5000 one year old silver birch seedlings were planted on the experimental area. On the plots the plants were planted with four different densities. In October 2013 first height measurement was carried out on 6 plots. In the autumn 2014 the second measuring took place on plots 1-14. All the silver birches were measured from the ground to the top gemma. As the author of this thesis, I participated in the 2014 measurings. The older data used in the work is gathered by earlier researchers. The main criteria affecting the height growth and survival of the plants is soil condition. The survival of silver birches is lower on the soils where plant density and soil humidity are high. During the second year low survival and height growth are noticeable in the plots with high density (8000 tk/ha). The highest average height 104 cm and survival 91.7% in the 2. year was measured on plot number 1. The lowest average height 79.2 cm and survival 57.3% was measured on plot nr. 10 where the soil humidity was high and Typha spp. was present. In comparison to other testing fields our results were average. The survival during the first and second growth year was among the best, but the height growth was rather low. The results of the research were decent when the high humidity of soil, lots of logging waste and high grass and bush front are taken into consideration. Maintenance of the area would improve the growth conditions, quality and vitality of plants in the future.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd