Energy valorisation of citrus peel waste by torrefaction treatment
Laen...
Kuupäev
2018
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Tamelová, B .
Malaťák, J.
Velebil, J.
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
The article deals with th
e issue of processing and utilization of citrus peel, which often
ends unused with other biodegradable waste. The research is concerned with the energy potential
of this raw material and its torrefaction conversion. The tested materials were orange peel (
C
itrus
sinensis
Osbeck cv 'Valencia',
Citrus sinensis
Osbeck cv 'Murcia') and grapefruit peel (
Citrus
paradise
'Ruby red'). Samples of dried materials underwent torrefaction treatment at 225
°C
,
250
°C
and 275
°C
for 30 minutes. Samples before and after tor
refaction were analysed for
proximate and elemental composition and for calorific value. Consequently, stoichiometric
combustion analyses were done. The torrefaction was performed in a LECO TGA 701
thermogravimetric analyzer under nitrogen atmosphere. The
results of proximate and elemental
analysis showed positive influence of torrefaction on the samples. The highest net calorific value
for orange peel is 24.97
MJ
kg
-
1
at the temperature of 275
°C
. The greatest differences in net
calorific values are betwee
n 225
°C
and 250
°C
where the increase is almost 3
MJ
kg
-
1
.
Subsequently, the increase between the 250
°C
and 275
°C
torrefaction temperatures is 1
MJ
kg
-
1
.
Weight loss at respective torrefaction temperatures showed similar time
-
dependent curves for all
sa
mples. Stoichiometric combustion analysis shows slight differences between original samples,
but great differences after torrefaction processing. Stoichiometric combustion parameters also
change proportionately with increasing temperature of torrefication.
The resulting comnbustion
balance figures show significantly lower need for mass of fuel in the case of the torrefied material
for a given heat output thanks to the net calorific value
being nearly doubled.
Kirjeldus
Article
Märksõnad
calorific value, heating value, elemental analysis, stoichiometry, heat output, articles