Taimepimedus ning taimede märkamine Tartu linnalooduses
Laen...
Kuupäev
2022
Kättesaadavus
02.09.2022
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Seoses urbaniseerumisega on viimastel kümnenditel järjest rohkem uue teadussuunana
levima hakanud taimepimedus ning sellega kaasnevad negatiivsed mõjud.
Urbaniseerumise surve elurikkusele ei mõjuta ainult elusloodust vaid ka linnades elavaid
inimesi. Niisuguste negatiivsete mõjude leevendamiseks on vaja otsida uusi lahendusi
ning meetodeid, mis aitaksid linnaloodust ning inimesi paremini ühendada.
Käesoleva magistritöö eesmärgiks oli hinnata taimepimeduse olukorda Tartu linnas võttes
aluseks inimese ja taimede omavahelised interaktsioonid linnakeskkonnas. Selleks püüti
töötada välja meetod selle fenomeni hindamiseks linnakeskkonnas ning analüüsida
taimepimeduse erinevaid aspekte. Töös kasutati kvalitatiivset meetodit. Töös püstitatud
eesmärkide saavutamiseks järgiti harrastusteaduse põhimõtteid. Elanike kaasamiseks
töösse koostati loetelukatsel põhinev küsimustik, mida levitati veebipõhiselt. Küsimusi
esitati ning formuleeriti lähtuvalt inimestest endast. Andmete kvalitatiivseks analüüsiks
moodustati vastuste põhjal eemilised kategooriad.
Looduslike puude ja põõsaste kategoorias olid populaarsemad kask, tamm, pärn, vaher,
kastan, mänd, kuusk, pihlakas, sirel ning õunapuu. Rahvapoolsed taimede kirjeldused
viitavad keeles selleks vajaliku sõnavara mittetundmist, mis on autori arvates üheks
taimepimeduse tunnuseks.
Rohttaimede kategoorias nimetati esimestena kümne seast võilille, ristikheina, teelehte,
naati, raudrohtu, orasheina, naistepuna, nurmenukku, metsmaasikat ja kortslehte.
Kirjeldused näitasid, et inimesed ei pea enam oluliseks neid meelde jätta ning puuduvad
ka oskused neid oma sõnadega kirjeldada.
Kultuur-, ilu- ja viljapuude kategoorias nimetasid inimesed enim õunapuud, sirelit, kirssi,
elupuud, viirpuud, kaske, pihlakat, pirni, kibuvitsa ning kreegipuud.
Taimede valikut põhjendatakse taimepimedusele viitavate üldistavate sõnadega ning
nende eristamist ei peeta enam oluliseks.
Antud töös kasutatud metoodika on uudne ning pole varasemalt sellisel kujul
taimepimeduse hindamisel kasutatud. Uudse uurimissuunana on koostatud töö aluseks ka
järgnevatele uurijatele ning ka õpetajatele koolides. Antud tööga tõestati taimepimedust
ka keelelisel tasemel, võimaldades seda kasutada rakenduslingvistikast kuni
rakendusbioloogiani. Lisaks aitab töö kaasa kohalike omavalitsuste rohealade
planeerimistele ning avaliku kaasamisele nendesse.
In relation to urbanisation during the last decades, plant blindness and its negative effects has started to emerge as a new scientific approach. Not only nature but the people living in the towns and cities are affected by the pressure put on biodiversity by urbanisation processes. To relieve these types of negative effects new solutions and methods should be found that would help to connect urban nature with the people. The aim of the present thesis was to evaluate the plant blindness situation in Tartu on a basis of interactions between humans and plants within the urban environment. In order to achieve it a method was created to evaluate and analyse different aspects of plant blindness as a phenomena in urban environments. A qualitative method was used in the present thesis. To achieve the presented goals principles of citizen science were applied. To achieve public involvement a questionnaire based on semantic priming was created and spread online. Questions were presented and formulated in relation to respondents. Emic categories based on answers were formed in order to conduct a qualitative analysis. Amongst the categories of natural trees and bushes most popular were the birch, the oak, the maple, the chestnut tree, the pine, the spruce, the rowan, the lilac and the apple tree. Plant descriptions given by people refer to the lack in vocabulary that the author of this thesis considers to be one of the aspects of plant blindness. Amongst the categories of herbaceous forage the first out of the ten namings were dandelion, clover, plantain, ground elder, couch grass, St. John's wort, cowslip, wild strawberry and ladies mantle. The descriptions pointed out that people do not consider it relevant to memorise these namings and there is also a lack in vocabulary for describing these plants. In the category of cultivated, ornamental and fruit trees people named mostly apple tree, lilac, cherry tree, thuja, hawthorn, birch, rowan, pear tree, rosehip and plum. People often reason their selection with generalised wordings that refer to plant blindness and they do not consider differentiation to be important. The methodology used in the present thesis is unique and has not been used in such a way to evaluate plant blindness. It has been composed as a new way of research for the following researchers and schoolteachers. Present thesis proves plant blindness in linguistic level enabling its usage in applied linguistics and applied biology. In addition to the mentioned aspects it helps local governments in planning green areas and also in including the public.
In relation to urbanisation during the last decades, plant blindness and its negative effects has started to emerge as a new scientific approach. Not only nature but the people living in the towns and cities are affected by the pressure put on biodiversity by urbanisation processes. To relieve these types of negative effects new solutions and methods should be found that would help to connect urban nature with the people. The aim of the present thesis was to evaluate the plant blindness situation in Tartu on a basis of interactions between humans and plants within the urban environment. In order to achieve it a method was created to evaluate and analyse different aspects of plant blindness as a phenomena in urban environments. A qualitative method was used in the present thesis. To achieve the presented goals principles of citizen science were applied. To achieve public involvement a questionnaire based on semantic priming was created and spread online. Questions were presented and formulated in relation to respondents. Emic categories based on answers were formed in order to conduct a qualitative analysis. Amongst the categories of natural trees and bushes most popular were the birch, the oak, the maple, the chestnut tree, the pine, the spruce, the rowan, the lilac and the apple tree. Plant descriptions given by people refer to the lack in vocabulary that the author of this thesis considers to be one of the aspects of plant blindness. Amongst the categories of herbaceous forage the first out of the ten namings were dandelion, clover, plantain, ground elder, couch grass, St. John's wort, cowslip, wild strawberry and ladies mantle. The descriptions pointed out that people do not consider it relevant to memorise these namings and there is also a lack in vocabulary for describing these plants. In the category of cultivated, ornamental and fruit trees people named mostly apple tree, lilac, cherry tree, thuja, hawthorn, birch, rowan, pear tree, rosehip and plum. People often reason their selection with generalised wordings that refer to plant blindness and they do not consider differentiation to be important. The methodology used in the present thesis is unique and has not been used in such a way to evaluate plant blindness. It has been composed as a new way of research for the following researchers and schoolteachers. Present thesis proves plant blindness in linguistic level enabling its usage in applied linguistics and applied biology. In addition to the mentioned aspects it helps local governments in planning green areas and also in including the public.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Kalanduse ja rakendusökoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, taimepimedus, urbaniseerumine, linnaloodus, harrastusteadus, Roheline Ülikool (töö toetab EMÜ Rohelise Ülikooli põhimõtteid), elurikkus, pärandkooslused, pärandmaastikud, maastikukaitse