Lõuna-Eesti tallides kasutatavate koresöötade keemiline koostis ja kvaliteet
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Kuupäev
2021
Kättesaadav alates
03.09.2021
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Käesoleval sajandil on silo ja heinis asendanud hobuste ratsioonis heina osaliselt või
täielikult, mis loob paremad võimalused kvaliteetse toitainerikka koresööda kasutamiseks,
kuid teadlikumale hobuste söötmisele on Eestis vähe tähelepanu pööratud. Hobustele
söödetava silo kvaliteeti ja toiteväärtust on varem Eestis uuritud, kuid uurimus viidi läbi
ligi kümme aastat tagasi ning see keskendus silo ja heina võrdlusele. Magistritöö eesmärk
oli uurida Lõuna-Eesti tallides kasutatavaid koresöötasid, keskendudes peamiselt silole ja
heinisele, analüüsides nende keemilist koostist, toiteväärtust, fermentatsioonikvaliteedi
parameetreid ja mükotoksiinide sisaldust. Uurimuses osales kuus erinevat talli. Uuriti
nelja silo-, viit heinise- ja kahte heinapartiid. Lõuna-Eesti tallides söödetav silo sisaldas
metaboliseeruvat energiat 8,1 MJ/kg, mis on võrreldes heinisega 1,4 MJ/kg võrra rohkem
(P < 0,05). Uuritud silopartiid sisaldasid seeduvat proteiini keskmiselt 70,3 g/kg, mis on
võrreldes heinisega 31,7 g/kg võrra rohkem (P < 0,05). Kui uuritud silopartiides toimus
soovitud piimhappeline fermentatsioon vähesel määral, siis heinisepartiides oli käärimine
juba väga pärsitud. Uuritud silod sisaldasid heinisega võrreldes vähem mükotoksiine.
Tulemuste alusel võib väita, et Lõuna-Eesti tallides kasutatavete koresöötade keemiline
koostis ja toiteväärtus silopartiide puhul on rahuldav, kuid heinisepartiide puhul esineb
puudujääke. Sarnased tulemused saadi ka varasemas uuringus, kus leiti, et hobustele
söödetava silo toitainete kontsentratsioon oli kõrgem kui heinas ning silo sisaldas
võrreldes heinaga vähem mükotoksiine. Edaspidi tuleks uurida rohkemate piirkondade
koresöötasid, et anda parem ülevaade koresöötade kvaliteedi ja toiteväärtuse alasest
olukorrast Eestis, mis aitaks tõsta teadlikkust hobuste söötmisel.
The feeding of wrapped forages such as silage and haylage have partially or totally replaced hay in equine diets but little attention has been paid to the nutritive value and quality of roughage fed to horses in Estonia. The quality and nutritive value of silage fed to the horses has been studied in Estonia before, but the study was conducted approxi mately ten years ago and focused on the comparison of silage and hay. The aim of the Master’s Thesis was to study the roughage used in stables in Southern Estonia, focusing mainly on silage and haylage, analyzing their chemical composition, nutritive value, fer mentation quality and mycotoxin content. Four silage, five haylage and two hay batches were examined. The studied silage contained 8.1 MJ/kg metabolizable energy in dry matter, which was 1.4 MJ/kg more compared to haylage (P < 0.05). On average, the silage contained 70.3 g/kg of digestible protein in dry matter, which is 31.7 g/kg more compared to haylage (P < 0.05). There were some fermentation in the silages, but the fermentation in the haylages were very inhibited. The silage contained less mycotoxins than haylage. Results state that the chemical composition and nutritive value of roughages used in stables in Southern Estonia is satisfactory for silages, but there are shortcomings in hay lages. Similar results were obtained in a previous study which found that concentration of nutrients in silage fed to horses was higher than in hay and the silage contained less myco toxins than hay. In the future, roughage in more areas of the country should be studied in order to provide a better overview of the situation regarding the quality and nutritive value of roughages used in Estonia, which would help to raise awareness in feeding the horses.
The feeding of wrapped forages such as silage and haylage have partially or totally replaced hay in equine diets but little attention has been paid to the nutritive value and quality of roughage fed to horses in Estonia. The quality and nutritive value of silage fed to the horses has been studied in Estonia before, but the study was conducted approxi mately ten years ago and focused on the comparison of silage and hay. The aim of the Master’s Thesis was to study the roughage used in stables in Southern Estonia, focusing mainly on silage and haylage, analyzing their chemical composition, nutritive value, fer mentation quality and mycotoxin content. Four silage, five haylage and two hay batches were examined. The studied silage contained 8.1 MJ/kg metabolizable energy in dry matter, which was 1.4 MJ/kg more compared to haylage (P < 0.05). On average, the silage contained 70.3 g/kg of digestible protein in dry matter, which is 31.7 g/kg more compared to haylage (P < 0.05). There were some fermentation in the silages, but the fermentation in the haylages were very inhibited. The silage contained less mycotoxins than haylage. Results state that the chemical composition and nutritive value of roughages used in stables in Southern Estonia is satisfactory for silages, but there are shortcomings in hay lages. Similar results were obtained in a previous study which found that concentration of nutrients in silage fed to horses was higher than in hay and the silage contained less myco toxins than hay. In the future, roughage in more areas of the country should be studied in order to provide a better overview of the situation regarding the quality and nutritive value of roughages used in Estonia, which would help to raise awareness in feeding the horses.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Loomakasvatuse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, hobune, silo, heinis, mükotoksiinid, toiteväärtus