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Effects of filtration timing and pore size on measured nutrient concentrations in environmental water samples

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dc.contributor.authorReed, Megan H.
dc.contributor.authorStrope, Erica K.
dc.contributor.authorCremona, Fabien
dc.contributor.authorMyers, Justin A.
dc.contributor.authorNewell, Silvia E.
dc.contributor.authorMcCarthy, Mark J.
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-20T10:03:29Z
dc.date.available2022-12-20T10:03:29Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractNutrient monitoring is important for informing management decisions to mitigate eutrophication in aquaticsystems. Many nutrient monitoring programs usefilter pore sizes that allow microorganisms to pass into sam-ples and/or wait extended times between sample collection andfiltration/preservation, allowing microbial pro-cesses to alter nutrient concentrations. Here, 34 sites were sampled to determine howfilter pore size andfiltration timing affected measured ammonium (NH4+) and orthophosphate (ortho-P) concentrations. Threefil-ter pore sizes (0.22, 0.45, and 0.70μm) were used tofilter water immediately upon collection and after 5 and22 h in a bottle. NH4+and ortho-P concentrations varied relative to“baseline”measurements (i.e., 0.22μm,field-filtered samples), both over time and with differentfilter pore sizes, and showed no predictable direction ofchange based on ambient nutrient concentration or trophic status. As expected, larger relative changes occurredwith lower ambient concentrations; however, for the entire dataset, samples with > 1μmol L 1ortho-P and>3μmol L 1NH4+were lower by 11 and 33%, respectively, which would result in reported nutrient concentra-tions that were not representative of in situ conditions. Whole-water samplesfiltered after 22 h varied up to3070% for NH4+and 480% for ortho-P from baseline concentrations. Filtering water samples with a 0.22filter(or 0.45μm, at worst), immediately upon collection, should be adopted as standard practice to ensure thatreported nutrient concentrations represent the most accurate measurement possible. Inconsistent and/or insuffi-cient sampling and sample handling procedures can lead to poorly calibrated models and misinformed manage-ment and legislative decisions.eng
dc.description.abstractSupport for this project was provided by a grant from NSF (MCB-RUI)to SEN and funding from Ohio Sea Grant to SEN and MJM. Statistical analyses (FC) were supported by grants from the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (P210160PKKH). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 951963. Additional support for MJM and FC during manuscript revision was provided by the EU Regional Development Fund (ASTRA) and the Estonian Research Council (PRG709). We appreciate the assistance of Therese East from the South Florida Water Management District, Suzanne Semones from Wright State University, Dr. Justin Chaffin and the Ohio State University Stone Laboratory, and Fondriest Environmental, Inc., for access to sampling locations. We appreciate helpful comments and discussion from Drs. Thad Scott and Wayne Gardner on early versions of the manuscript. We also appreciate discussion with Dr. Patricia Glibert on the potential for cell lysis. We than Dr. Daniel Hoffman, Dr. Justyna Hampel, Ashlynn Boedecker, and Tom Jenkins (Greenon High School 8th grade STEM class teacher) for field assistance.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipSupport for this project was provided by a grant from NSF (MCB-RUI)to SEN and funding from Ohio Sea Grant to SEN and MJM. Statistical analyses (FC) were supported by grants from the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (P210160PKKH). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 951963. Additional support for MJM and FC during manuscript revision was provided by the EU Regional Development Fund (ASTRA) and the Estonian Research Council (PRG709). We appreciate the assistance of Therese East from the South Florida Water Management District, Suzanne Semones from Wright State University, Dr. Justin Chaffin and the Ohio State University Stone Laboratory, and Fondriest Environmental, Inc., for access to sampling locations. We appreciate helpful comments and discussion from Drs. Thad Scott and Wayne Gardner on early versions of the manuscript. We also appreciate discussion with Dr. Patricia Glibert on the potential for cell lysis. We than Dr. Daniel Hoffman, Dr. Justyna Hampel, Ashlynn Boedecker, and Tom Jenkins (Greenon High School 8th grade STEM class teacher) for field assistance.eng
dc.identifier.issn1541-5856
dc.identifier.publicationLimnology and Oceanography : Methods, 2022eng
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10492/7897
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10529
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relationinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/951963/EU/TREICLAKE
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)eng
dc.rights© 2022 The Authors.Limnology and Oceanography: Methodseng
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesseng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/eng
dc.subjecteutrophicationeng
dc.subjectnutrient concentrationseng
dc.subjectwater sampleseng
dc.subjectarticleseng
dc.titleEffects of filtration timing and pore size on measured nutrient concentrations in environmental water sampleseng
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleeng

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