Geenitehnoloogia kasutamine tomati näitel
Laen...
Kuupäev
2013
Kättesaadavus
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Diplomitöö tegemisel lähtuti geenitehnoloogia võimalustest ja kasutusest tänapäeval. Eraldi spetsialiseeruti tomati järelküpsemise pikendamisele läbi geneetilise muundamise. Töö eesmärgiks oli uurida erinevaid vahendeid ja kasutusi geenitehnoloogiast nende arengust, tänapäevast ning geenitehnoloogia tulevikust. Töö koostamisel kasutati peamiselt teadusartiklite (ISI Web Of Science; Scopus) andmebaase, aga ka entsüklopeediaid ja erialakirjanduslikke allikaid. Töö käigus töötati läbi 43 inglise keelset teadusartiklit. Kogutud teadustööde põhjal leiti, et tomatit Solanum lycopersicum L. on hea kasutada geenitehnoloogia mudeltaimena, samuti leiti, et tomat on üks taimeliikidest, mille kogu genoom on hiljuti täielikult sekveneeritud. Veel leiti, et GM-tomat on olnud ka inimtoiduks tarbimiseks, kuid halbade kvaliteediomaduste tõttu turul olnud GM-tomat (FlavrSavr) enam tootmises pole. Uurimustöös leiti, et ACC deaminaasi ekspresseeriva geeniga GM tomat osutus oma eesmärgilt edukaks ning säilis muundamata tomatist kuni 6 korda kauem. Leiti ka, et ühe areneva teaduse, kasvava inimpopulatsiooni ja halvenevate keskkonnatingimuste tõttu on GMO’del täita tulevikus väga tähtsaid rolle alustades toidust, lõpetades biomeditsiiniga. Samuti saadi teada, et palju statistilisi näitajaid GM-põllukultuuride kasvatuse ja kasu kohta maailmas.
Märksõnad:
The main subjects of this bachelor thesis were the opportunities and uses of gene technology. Special focus was on genetically modified tomato with delayed ripening characteristics. The basis of this work was also to gather information about uses and methods of todays genetechnology, it’s history and future prospects. Main sources of gathered information were science article databases (Scopus, ISI Web of Science), encyclopedias and the internet. Information was gathered throughout ~40 articles. The conclusion made from this work was that the tomato plant is a good model plant for studying gene expression etc, and that tomato plants genome has just recently fully sequenced. Genetically modified tomato has been on the market for human consumption, but because of poor quality charecteristics it quickly disappeared from the market. The main hypothesis was to delay the ripening of tomato fruits by expressing ACC deaminase gene, what was found to be a very succesful, because the genetically modified tomato fruits kept ripening up to 6 times longer than the control fruits. Another subject was that the genetically modified organisms can be engineered from growing plants in very harsh environments to producing biomedicine substances etc. Also gathered information about GM-crops statistics and benefits around the globe.
The main subjects of this bachelor thesis were the opportunities and uses of gene technology. Special focus was on genetically modified tomato with delayed ripening characteristics. The basis of this work was also to gather information about uses and methods of todays genetechnology, it’s history and future prospects. Main sources of gathered information were science article databases (Scopus, ISI Web of Science), encyclopedias and the internet. Information was gathered throughout ~40 articles. The conclusion made from this work was that the tomato plant is a good model plant for studying gene expression etc, and that tomato plants genome has just recently fully sequenced. Genetically modified tomato has been on the market for human consumption, but because of poor quality charecteristics it quickly disappeared from the market. The main hypothesis was to delay the ripening of tomato fruits by expressing ACC deaminase gene, what was found to be a very succesful, because the genetically modified tomato fruits kept ripening up to 6 times longer than the control fruits. Another subject was that the genetically modified organisms can be engineered from growing plants in very harsh environments to producing biomedicine substances etc. Also gathered information about GM-crops statistics and benefits around the globe.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
GMO, etüleen, ACC, ACC deaminaas, tomat, bakalaureusetööd