Talinisu saagikus ja kvaliteet tava- ja maheviljeluses
Laen...
Kuupäev
2016
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Bakhoff, Aron
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Maheviljeluse ja mahetoodangu propageerimine Euroopas on aina rohkem hoogu kogumas. Pidev
diskussioon selle üle, kas mahetoodang on parem kui tavatoodang oli põhjus, miks loodi 2008. aastal
Eesti Maaülikooli katsepõllule Eerikale mahe- ja tavatootmist võrdlev katse. Katse eesmärgiks oli
võrrelda talinisu saagikust ja kvaliteeti mahe- ja tavasüsteemis. Töös võrreldakse 2013.–2015. aasta
andmeid. Katse rajati süstemaatilise plokksüsteemina neljas korduses. Katselapi pindala oli 60m2
.
Kasutuses oli seitse erinevat väetusvarianti. Mahesüsteemi variandid olid M1, M2, M3, kus
lämmastiku allikaks oli vastavalt liblikõieliste poolt sümbiootiliselt seotud õhulämmastik, lisaks
õhulämmastikule talviste vahekultuuride poolt seotud lämmastik ja kahele eelnevale lisaks veel
sõnnik. Tavasüsteemi variandid (v.a. N0) N50, N100, N150 said lisaks liblikõielistele ka
mineraallämmastikku. Viljelusviis mõjutas talinisu saaki ja kvaliteeti usutavalt. Tavasüsteemis
mineraallämmastikuga väetatud talinisu terasaak oli katseaastate keskmisena 16% suurem kui
mahesüsteemis. Mahesüsteemis kasvatatud talinisu saak jäi madalamaks, sest terade arv ja mass
viljapeas oli usutavalt väiksem. Lisaks tõstis mineraalse lämmastiku andmine terade proteiini- ja
gluteenisisaldust, mistõttu tavasüsteemis kasvanud nisu vastavad näitajad olid 12% ja 13%
kõrgemad kui mahesüsteemis.
Promotion of organic farming and organic production in Europe is on the rise. The continuous discussions over whether organic production is better than conventional, was the reason why the long term field trial was set up in 2008 in Eerika at the Estonian University of Life Sciences to compare the infuence of organic and conventional systems on different crop yields and quality. The aim of this test was to compare yield and quality of winter wheat in organic and conventional systems and data were taken from period 2013-2015. Field trial was set up systematically in quadruplicate and plot size was 60 m2 . In the field trial seven different nitrogen variants was used. Organic system variants were (M1, M2, M3) where a source of nitrogen were legume crops, additionally the catch crops and composted manure, respsectively. In conventional system minal nitrogen was applied (N50, N100, N150). Test results showed that cultivation practices affected the winter wheat yield and qualitysi significantly. Three–year average grain yield in conventional system was 16 % higher than in organic system, because the number and mass of grains in ear were lower in organic systems. The addition of mineral nitrogen also increased protein and gluten content in grains accordingly 12% and 13%.
Promotion of organic farming and organic production in Europe is on the rise. The continuous discussions over whether organic production is better than conventional, was the reason why the long term field trial was set up in 2008 in Eerika at the Estonian University of Life Sciences to compare the infuence of organic and conventional systems on different crop yields and quality. The aim of this test was to compare yield and quality of winter wheat in organic and conventional systems and data were taken from period 2013-2015. Field trial was set up systematically in quadruplicate and plot size was 60 m2 . In the field trial seven different nitrogen variants was used. Organic system variants were (M1, M2, M3) where a source of nitrogen were legume crops, additionally the catch crops and composted manure, respsectively. In conventional system minal nitrogen was applied (N50, N100, N150). Test results showed that cultivation practices affected the winter wheat yield and qualitysi significantly. Three–year average grain yield in conventional system was 16 % higher than in organic system, because the number and mass of grains in ear were lower in organic systems. The addition of mineral nitrogen also increased protein and gluten content in grains accordingly 12% and 13%.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, talinisu, saagikus, mahepõllumajandus