Turberaie katsealal männi uuendust kahjustavad metsahaigused ning invasiivsete haigustekitajate monitooring
Laen...
Kuupäev
2014
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Käesolev bakalaureusetöö valmis vajadusest uurida viimastel aastatel üha kiiremini
levivate seenhaiguste mõju metsauuendusele ning teostada seiret kogu riigi metsades, et
saada ülevaadet nende levikust. Töö jaoks koguti proove üle Eesti ning Põhja-Lätist,
punavöötaudi eoste produktsiooni uuringuid viidi läbi Eesti Maaülikooli
metsapatoloogia laboris.
Töö eesmärkideks oli (1) seenhaiguste olemasolu ja kahjustuste ulatuse määramine
turberaie katsealal Järvseljal kvartalis 276 eraldisel 8, (2) punavöötaudi tekitaja
Dothistroma septosporum eoste sporulatsiooni uurimine kahel peremeestaimel Eesti
Maaülikooli dendropargis, (3) üle-eestiline metsahaiguste seire teostamine ning
uuendatud teabe analüüs. Eesmärkide saavutamiseks koguti nii sümptomaatilisi, kui ka
asümptomaatilisi männiokkaid turberaie katsealalt Järvseljal, Eesti Maaülikooli
dendropargist ning üle Eesti asetsevatest seirevõrgustiku püsivaatlusaladelt. Okastel
hinnati erinevate metsahaiguste tekitajate viljakehade olemasolu ja eoste rohkust ning
tehti DNA-analüüs, leidmaks latentses olekus metsahaigusi. Bakalaureusetöö
tulemusena leiti punavöötaudi tekitaja (Dothistroma septosporum) sümptomaatilisi
okkaid kõigist Eesti maakondadest ning selgus turberaie katseala metsauuenduse hea
üldseisund. Eesti Maaülikooli dendropargist kogutud proovide analüüs kinnitab, et
Dothistroma septosporum’i sporulatsioon toimub harilikul männil ja mägimännil
sügisel. Töö käigus kogutud proovidest leiti eoseid seenpatogeenidelt Dothistroma
septosporum, Diplodia sapinea, Cyclaneusma minus, Lophodermium spp., Fusarium
spp., Gremeniella abietina, Camarosporium pini ja Trunkatella spp. Töö autor tegi
Eesti Maaülikooli dendropargist seenpatogeeni Diplodia sapinea esmavaatluse
mägimännil Eestis.
The main reason for choosing this topic is the need to study the impact of rapidly spreading forest diseases on reforestation and the need to monitor pathogens across the country to prevent their fast spreading. The samples of this study were collected both from all across Estonia, as well as from Northern Latvia, the research of spore production was conducted in the laboratory of forest pahtology in the Estonian University of Life Sciences. The aims of this study were (1) to assess the extent of the damage of fungi on the experimental area of the shelterwood, (2) to study the sporulation of Dothistroma septosporum on two host plants in the arboretum of Estonian University of Life Scienses, (3) to monitor forest diseases across the country and to analyse the renewed data. To achieve those purposes, the symptomatic and asymptomatic pine needle samples were collected from the shelterwood experimental area in Järvselja, from the arboretum of Estonian University of Life Scienses and from the permanent observation sites across Estonia and Northern Latvia. The presence of the fruiting bodies and spores were assessed and for the purpose of finding fungi in the latent phase, a DNA analysis was also conducted. As a result of this study, the symptomatic needles of Dothistroma needle blight were discovered from all the counties of Estonia and a good general condition of the reforestation of the shelterwood experimental area was stated. The analysis of the samples collected from the arboretum acknowledge the spore production of Dothistroma septosporum on Pinus sylvestris and Pinus mugo in autumn. As a result of the research spores of the following pathogens were found: Dothistroma septosporum, Diplodia sapinea, Cyclaneusma minus, Gremeniella abietina, Camarosporium pini, Lophodermium spp. Fusarium spp., and Trunkatella spp. The author of this thesis made an interesting discovery of Diplodia sapinea on mountain pine, which is the first observation of the pathogen on a mountain pine substate in Estonia.
The main reason for choosing this topic is the need to study the impact of rapidly spreading forest diseases on reforestation and the need to monitor pathogens across the country to prevent their fast spreading. The samples of this study were collected both from all across Estonia, as well as from Northern Latvia, the research of spore production was conducted in the laboratory of forest pahtology in the Estonian University of Life Sciences. The aims of this study were (1) to assess the extent of the damage of fungi on the experimental area of the shelterwood, (2) to study the sporulation of Dothistroma septosporum on two host plants in the arboretum of Estonian University of Life Scienses, (3) to monitor forest diseases across the country and to analyse the renewed data. To achieve those purposes, the symptomatic and asymptomatic pine needle samples were collected from the shelterwood experimental area in Järvselja, from the arboretum of Estonian University of Life Scienses and from the permanent observation sites across Estonia and Northern Latvia. The presence of the fruiting bodies and spores were assessed and for the purpose of finding fungi in the latent phase, a DNA analysis was also conducted. As a result of this study, the symptomatic needles of Dothistroma needle blight were discovered from all the counties of Estonia and a good general condition of the reforestation of the shelterwood experimental area was stated. The analysis of the samples collected from the arboretum acknowledge the spore production of Dothistroma septosporum on Pinus sylvestris and Pinus mugo in autumn. As a result of the research spores of the following pathogens were found: Dothistroma septosporum, Diplodia sapinea, Cyclaneusma minus, Gremeniella abietina, Camarosporium pini, Lophodermium spp. Fusarium spp., and Trunkatella spp. The author of this thesis made an interesting discovery of Diplodia sapinea on mountain pine, which is the first observation of the pathogen on a mountain pine substate in Estonia.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd