Kopra (Castor fiber) arvukuse muutuste mõjutegurid aastatel 2010-2023
Laen...
Kuupäev
2025
Kättesaadav alates
05.09.2025
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Käesolev bakalaureusetöö uurib hariliku kopra (Castor fiber) arvukuse muutusi Eestis
aastatel 2010–2023 ning neid mõjutanud tegureid. Analüüs põhineb Keskkonnaagentuuri ja
riikliku jahistatistika andmetel, keskendudes kiskluse, küttimise, elupaikade seisundi ja
keskkonnatingimuste rollile kopra populatsioonidünaamikas. Tulemused näitavad, et
suurkiskjate (hunt, ilves) mõju koprale on marginaalne, samas kui küttimissurve, elupaikade
kättesaadavus ja liigisisene konkurents avaldavad suuremat mõju. Leiti mõõduka tugevusega
negatiivne korrelatsioon kütitud isendite arvu ja hinnangulise pesakondade arvu vahel. Töö
tulemustest saab järeldada, et kopra populatsiooni kestlikuks haldamiseks on vaja tõhusamat
seiret ja tasakaalustatud küttimispraktikat. Samuti rõhutatakse kopra tähtsust ökosüsteemide
mitmekesisuse ja veekogude toimimise seisukohalt.
This bachelor thesis examines the changes in the population of the common beaver (Castor fiber) in Estonia between 2010 and 2023 and the factors that influenced them. The analysis is based on data from the Environment Agency and national hunting statistics, focusing on the role of predation, hunting, habitat condition and environmental conditions in the population dynamics of the beaver. The results show that large predators (wolf, lynx) have a marginal impact on the beaver, while hunting pressure, habitat availability and intraspecific competition have a greater impact. A negative correlation of moderate strength was found between the number of individuals hunted and the estimated number of colonies. The results of the study suggest that more effective monitoring and balanced hunting practices are needed for sustainable management of the beaver population. It also highlights the importance of beavers for ecosystem diversity and water body functioning.
This bachelor thesis examines the changes in the population of the common beaver (Castor fiber) in Estonia between 2010 and 2023 and the factors that influenced them. The analysis is based on data from the Environment Agency and national hunting statistics, focusing on the role of predation, hunting, habitat condition and environmental conditions in the population dynamics of the beaver. The results show that large predators (wolf, lynx) have a marginal impact on the beaver, while hunting pressure, habitat availability and intraspecific competition have a greater impact. A negative correlation of moderate strength was found between the number of individuals hunted and the estimated number of colonies. The results of the study suggest that more effective monitoring and balanced hunting practices are needed for sustainable management of the beaver population. It also highlights the importance of beavers for ecosystem diversity and water body functioning.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Kalanduse ja rakendusökoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, kobras, ilves, hunt, populatsioonidünaamika, küttimine