Talinisu umbrohtumus ja saagikus sõltuvalt viljelussüsteemist
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Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
30.08.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Töö põhineb 2008. a. rajatud Eesti Maaülikooli pikaajalisel külvikorrakatsel, milles
kasvatatakse järgmisi kultuure: oder ristiku allakülviga, ristik, talinisu, hernes ja kartul.
Umbrohtude biomass ja liigid koguti kolmelt mahe (Mahe 0, Mahe I, Mahe II) ja kahelt
tavaviljelussüsteemilt (Tava 0, Tava II). Antud töös on kasutatud 2022.a. andmeid. Töö
eesmärgiks oli uurida talinisu umbrohtude arvukust, biomassi ja saagikust erinevates
viljelussüsteemides.
Katse tulemused näitasid, et maheviljeluses oli umbrohtumus oluliselt kõrgem kui
tavaviljeluses. Umbrohtude arvukus oli kõige suurem Mahe 0 ja kõige madalam Tava II
süsteemis. Katse tulemused näitasid, et vahekultuuri kasvatamine mahesüsteemides
vähendab umbrohtude arvukust, kuid mitte biomassi. Mahe II süsteemis lisatud
komposteeritud veisesõnnik tagas kultuurtaimedele kasvueelise umbrohtude ees ja
umbrohtude biomass jäi madalaks, aga arvukus jäi suuremaks kui Mahe I variandis.
Shannon-Wieneri mitmekesisuse indeksi väärtused olid oluliselt kõrgemad maheviljeluse
aladel võrreldes tavaviljeluse aladega.
Antud aastal talinisu saagikusele vahekultuur ja veisesõnnik statistiliselt usutavat mõju ei
avaldanud. Talinisu saaki mõjutas antud katses kõige rohkem mineraalväetisega
väetamine.
The work is based on the long-term crop rotation experiment of the Estonian University of Life Sciences, established in 2008, in which the following crops are grown: barley with clover undersowing, clover, winter wheat, pea and potatoes. Weed biomass and species were collected from three organic (Organic 0, Organic I, Organic II) and two conventional farming systems (Conventional 0, Conventional II). The year 2022 is used in this work data. The aim of the work was to study the abundance, biomass, and diversity of weeds and winter wheat yield in different farming systems. The results of the experiment showed that weed abundance and biomass were significantly higher in organic farming than in conventional farming. Weed abundance was highest in Organic 0 and lowest in Conventional II system. The results of the experiment showed that growing a winter cover crops in organic systems reduces the number of weeds, but not biomass. Composted cattle manure added in the Organic II system ensured a growth advantage for cultivated plants over weeds, and the biomass of weeds remained low, but the abundance remained higher than in the Organic I system. Shannon-Wiener diversity index values were significantly higher in organic farming compared to conventional farming. Winter cover crops and cattle manure did not have a statistically significant effect on the yield of winter wheat at this year. In this experiment, the winter wheat yield was most affected by fertilization with mineral fertilizer.
The work is based on the long-term crop rotation experiment of the Estonian University of Life Sciences, established in 2008, in which the following crops are grown: barley with clover undersowing, clover, winter wheat, pea and potatoes. Weed biomass and species were collected from three organic (Organic 0, Organic I, Organic II) and two conventional farming systems (Conventional 0, Conventional II). The year 2022 is used in this work data. The aim of the work was to study the abundance, biomass, and diversity of weeds and winter wheat yield in different farming systems. The results of the experiment showed that weed abundance and biomass were significantly higher in organic farming than in conventional farming. Weed abundance was highest in Organic 0 and lowest in Conventional II system. The results of the experiment showed that growing a winter cover crops in organic systems reduces the number of weeds, but not biomass. Composted cattle manure added in the Organic II system ensured a growth advantage for cultivated plants over weeds, and the biomass of weeds remained low, but the abundance remained higher than in the Organic I system. Shannon-Wiener diversity index values were significantly higher in organic farming compared to conventional farming. Winter cover crops and cattle manure did not have a statistically significant effect on the yield of winter wheat at this year. In this experiment, the winter wheat yield was most affected by fertilization with mineral fertilizer.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, nisu, umbrohtumus, maheviljelus, tavaviljelus, väetamine, vahekultuurid