Puistu kasv ja areng taasmetsastatud endises Aidu põlevkivikarjääris
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Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
05.09.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Põlevkivi on olnud Eesti kaevatuim loodusvara läbi aegade. Põlevkivi karjääriviisiline
kaevandamine on avaldanud keskkonnale nähtavaimat mõju. Endiste põlevkivikarjääride
metsastamine on osutunud heaks viisiks loodusele tekitatud häiringu leevendamisel. Töö
eesmärgiks oli uurida endisesse Aidu põlevkivikarjääri rajatud metsa kasvukäigu
püsiproovitükkide põhjal Aidu karjääri puistute kasvu ja arengut. Aidu karjääri tasandatud
puistangutel kasvavatesse taasmetsastatud aladele rajati 2011. aastal 60 puistu kasvukäigu
ringproovitükki. Tänaseks on kordusmõõtmisi tehtud proovitükkidel kahel korral, kokku
on proovitükke mõõdetud kolmel korral. Analüüside tulemusena leiti, et veekanalitele
lähemal asuvad puistud on suuremate kõrguskasvudega. Samuti selgus, et merepinnast
kõrgemal asuvad puistud on suuremate diameetrikasvudega. Puistute kasvukäigu
dünaamika uurimisel selgus, kaasikud on produktiivsemad kui männikud – kaasikutes on
ka mullapaksus tüsedam kui männikutes. Kaasikute keskmine hektaritagavara on
suurenenud kümne aastaga männikute omast ligi poole rohkem. Tüsedama
kõduhorisondiga puistud on olnud suuremate kõrguste juurdekasvudega. Samuti on
suurema lehtpuude osakaaluga männipuistutes kõrguste juurdekasvud suuremad kui
puhtmännikutes. Suurema lämmastiku sisaldusega muldadel on puistute kõrguse
juurdekasv suurem. Puistute kasvukäikude uurimine võimaldab tulevikus paremini
kavandada metsakasvatuslikke töid ammendunud põlevkivikarjäärides.
Oil shale has been the most mined natural resource in Estonia throughout history. Postmining of oil shale has had the most visible impact to the environment. Afforestation of former quarries has proven to have a positive impact to mitigate the disturbance caused to natural environment. The aim of this study was to examine the growth and development of the stands in afforested former Aidu oil shale quarry based on the chronosequence data of permanent sample plots. The substantive analysis focused on the data of 60 permanent sample plots of Estonian Forest Research Plots, established in 2011 in the stands of leveled restoration of the Aidu quarry, and two sample plots re-measurements. The study showed that the stands located closer to the conduits possesses have better height growth. Higher altitude stands possesses better diameter growth. After examining the growth dynamics of the stands, it was revealed that birch stands are more productive compared to the pine stands, the soil thickness is also thicker in the birch stands than in the pine stands. In ten years, the yield of birch stands has increased nearly half as much when compared to the pine stands. Stands with a denser cover have had larger height increments. In addition, in the stands with a higher proportion of deciduous trees, the growth in height is greater than in the stands without. The height growth is greater on soils with higher nitrogen content. The evaluation of afforested oil shale quarry stands gives a chance to improve further management activities on these areas.
Oil shale has been the most mined natural resource in Estonia throughout history. Postmining of oil shale has had the most visible impact to the environment. Afforestation of former quarries has proven to have a positive impact to mitigate the disturbance caused to natural environment. The aim of this study was to examine the growth and development of the stands in afforested former Aidu oil shale quarry based on the chronosequence data of permanent sample plots. The substantive analysis focused on the data of 60 permanent sample plots of Estonian Forest Research Plots, established in 2011 in the stands of leveled restoration of the Aidu quarry, and two sample plots re-measurements. The study showed that the stands located closer to the conduits possesses have better height growth. Higher altitude stands possesses better diameter growth. After examining the growth dynamics of the stands, it was revealed that birch stands are more productive compared to the pine stands, the soil thickness is also thicker in the birch stands than in the pine stands. In ten years, the yield of birch stands has increased nearly half as much when compared to the pine stands. Stands with a denser cover have had larger height increments. In addition, in the stands with a higher proportion of deciduous trees, the growth in height is greater than in the stands without. The height growth is greater on soils with higher nitrogen content. The evaluation of afforested oil shale quarry stands gives a chance to improve further management activities on these areas.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Metsanduse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, Eesti metsa kasvukäigu püsiproovitükid, avamaakaevandamine, kasvukäigu dünaamika, harilik mänd, arukask, Roheline Ülikool (töö toetab EMÜ Rohelise Ülikooli põhimõtteid), loodusvarad, veevarud, loodusvarade kaitse, jätkusuutlikkus, säästev areng