Põlevkivituha kasutamisest ammendatud freesturbaväljade taasmetsastamisel
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Kuupäev
2016
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
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Abstrakt
Eestis leidub kokku 98 frees-turbavälja üldpindalaga 9371 ha. Jääksoode isetaastumine
sõltub erinevatest teguritest nagu näiteks kasutatud kaevandustehnoloogiast, kaevandatava
ala suurusest ja mineraalse aluspõhja topoloogiast, kuid valdav osa ammendatud
freesturbaväljadest ei ole aastakümnete jooksul taastaimestunud. Igal aastal tekib Eestis
7–10 miljonit tonni põlevkivituhka, millest taaskasutatakse ainult 5%. Seega oleks
otstarbekas leida veel juurde põlevkivituha taaskasutusvõimalusi.
Põlevkivituhk, mis sisaldab rohkelt taimede kasvuks vajalikke toitaineid, võiks olla üheks
võimaluseks ammendatud jääksoode turba toitainete sisalduse parandamiseks.
Bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks oli uurida põlevkivituha (PõT10, põlevkivituhk 10 t/ha) ning
puu- ja põlevkivi segutuha (PT15+PõT15, puutuhk 15 t/ha ja põlevkivituhk 15 t/ha) mõju
hariliku männi kasvule Puhatu ammendatud freesturbaalal (Ida-Viru mk).
Tulemused näitasid, et segutuhaga (PT15+PõT15) väetamine suurendab märgatavalt
puude kasvu, mõjudes positiivselt kõrguse juurdekasvule kui ka juurekaela diameetrile.
Segutuhaga väetatud puude okkapikkuste keskmised näitajad olid 2 korda suuremad kui
kontrollalal. Tuhkadega väetamine mõjus positiivselt ka okkapikkusele ja pindalale.
Katseala PõT10 näitajad on võrreldes katseala PT15+PõT15 näitajatega väiksemad, kuid
siiski suuremad kui kontrollalal, olles keskmiselt 4,9 cm pikad.
Põlevkivituha (PõT10) ja segutuha (PT15+PõT15) kasutamine vähendab kõige enam
turba ülemiste kihtide happesustning tõstab turbas P ja K sisaldust võrreldes tuhaga
töötlemata kontrollalal.
In Estonia there are 98 milled peat fields with the total area of 9371 ha. The self-renewing of cutaway peatlands depends on different factors, such as usable mining technology, the size of the mined areas and the topology of mineral substrate, yet the majority of the exhausted milled peat fields have not been revegetated over the decades. Every year there is about 7–10 million tons of oil shale ash produced from which only 5% is recycled. Therefore, it would be practical to find more opportunities for recycling oil shale ash. Oil shale ash which comprises a lot of nutrients that are necessary for vegetation could be one of the opportunities to improve the nutrient content of the peat in the exhausted cutaway peatlands. The purpose of the given bachelor's thesis was to research the influence of oil shale ash (PõT10, oil shale ash 10 t/ha) and the ash mixture of wood and oil shale (PT15+PõT15, wood ash 15 t/ha and oil shale ash 15 t/ha) on the growth of the Scots pine in the exhausted milled peat field in Puhatu (Ida-Viru county). The results showed that fertilizing with the ash mixture (PT15+PõT15) significantly increases the growth of the trees by having a positive effect on the height and the diameter of the root collar. Fertilizing with ash had a positive impact on the needles' length and on their surface area. The average lengths of needles of trees fertilized with ash mixture (PT15+PõT15) were 2 times longer compared to the control area. Needles of trees fertilized with oil shale ash (PõT10) were smaller (on average 4,9 cm) compared to needles from ash mixture fertilized area, but still remained taller than needles from control area Usage of oil shale ash (PõT10) and mixture ash (PT15+PõT15) decreases the acidity of the upper layers of peat and increases the content of P and K compared to the control area which was not treated with ashes.
In Estonia there are 98 milled peat fields with the total area of 9371 ha. The self-renewing of cutaway peatlands depends on different factors, such as usable mining technology, the size of the mined areas and the topology of mineral substrate, yet the majority of the exhausted milled peat fields have not been revegetated over the decades. Every year there is about 7–10 million tons of oil shale ash produced from which only 5% is recycled. Therefore, it would be practical to find more opportunities for recycling oil shale ash. Oil shale ash which comprises a lot of nutrients that are necessary for vegetation could be one of the opportunities to improve the nutrient content of the peat in the exhausted cutaway peatlands. The purpose of the given bachelor's thesis was to research the influence of oil shale ash (PõT10, oil shale ash 10 t/ha) and the ash mixture of wood and oil shale (PT15+PõT15, wood ash 15 t/ha and oil shale ash 15 t/ha) on the growth of the Scots pine in the exhausted milled peat field in Puhatu (Ida-Viru county). The results showed that fertilizing with the ash mixture (PT15+PõT15) significantly increases the growth of the trees by having a positive effect on the height and the diameter of the root collar. Fertilizing with ash had a positive impact on the needles' length and on their surface area. The average lengths of needles of trees fertilized with ash mixture (PT15+PõT15) were 2 times longer compared to the control area. Needles of trees fertilized with oil shale ash (PõT10) were smaller (on average 4,9 cm) compared to needles from ash mixture fertilized area, but still remained taller than needles from control area Usage of oil shale ash (PõT10) and mixture ash (PT15+PõT15) decreases the acidity of the upper layers of peat and increases the content of P and K compared to the control area which was not treated with ashes.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, põlevkivituhk, mänd, metsauuendus