Komposti fraktsioonide kvaliteedi iseloomustamine sõelumiskatses
Laen...
Kuupäev
2020
Kättesaadav alates
28.08.2020
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Viljakad põllumullad on oluline ressurss, mille jätkusuutlik majandamine väärib pingutamist.
Kompostväetiste kasutamine avaldab positiivset mõju mullaviljakusele, samuti on täheldatud
mikroorganismide tegevuse aktiviseerumist ja süsinikuvaru säilimist mullas. Biolagunevatest
jäätmetest tootena sertifitseeritud komposti jõudmine turule aitab kindlasti kaasa mulla kvaliteedi
paranemisele. Sõelumine aitab parandada komposti turuväärtust. Mida peenema avaga sõeladega
komposti sõeluda, seda ühtlasem ta on. Aga kui lihtne sõeluda on ning millises fraktsioonis on kõige
rohkem taimetoitaineid või võõriseid? Töö eesmärk on välja uurida kui hästi on erineval viisil
kuivatatud kompsotid sõelutavad ning kuidas jaotuvad taimetoitained fraktsioonide kaupa.
Loodushoiu aspektist on oluline teada ka seda, millises fraktsioonis peituvad võõrised. Töö aluseks on
võetud Lopez jt 2002. aasta uurimustöö Compost properties related to particle size. Töös võrreldi
kolme tootja komposti, mida kuivatati kolme erineva niiskusastmeni. Taimele omastatav P, K, Ca ja
Mg määrati Egner-Riehm-Domingo meetodil. Nüld ja Cüld sisaldused määrati Dumas
kuivpõletusmeetodil CNS elementanalüsaatoriga (Elementar, Germany). Töö tulemusena võib väita,
et erinevad kuivatusrežiimid ei muuda toitainete kontsentratsiooni fraktsioonide kaupa, kuid
kuivatamine parandab sõelumise tulemust.
Importance of fertile soils cannot be underestimated, as it is primary resource for food production. Therefore, the distribution of fertile arable soils needs to be preserved, especially the status of organic matter in soils. The use of organic fertilizers like compost has been shown to have a positive effect on soil fertility, as well as the activation of microorganisms and the preservation of carbon stocks in the soil. The arrival on the market of certified compost from biodegradable waste will certainly help to improve soil quality. Screening helps to improve the market value of compost. The finer the sieve, the better the compost is marketable. But how it is to sieve, and which fraction has the most plant nutrients or impurities? The aim of the study is to find out how well the compost is screenable and how plant nutrients are distributed by fractions. From the point of view of nature conservation, it is also important to know which faction the impurities are in. The work follows the scientific methods adopted from Lopez et al. (2002) research “Compost properties related to particle size”. Three different certified composts were used for current study, the composts were subjected to different drying ranges and in total three drying options were used. Accordingly, to the fractions the impurities were hand selected and evaluated. P, K, Ca and Mg available forms for plants were determined by the Egner-Riehm-Domingo method. Total carbon and nitrogen contents were determined accordingly to the Dumas methods by the dry firing method with a CNS elemental analyser (Elementar, Germany). As a result of the work, it can be stated that different drying regimes do not change the nutrient concentration in the fractions but drying improves the screening result.
Importance of fertile soils cannot be underestimated, as it is primary resource for food production. Therefore, the distribution of fertile arable soils needs to be preserved, especially the status of organic matter in soils. The use of organic fertilizers like compost has been shown to have a positive effect on soil fertility, as well as the activation of microorganisms and the preservation of carbon stocks in the soil. The arrival on the market of certified compost from biodegradable waste will certainly help to improve soil quality. Screening helps to improve the market value of compost. The finer the sieve, the better the compost is marketable. But how it is to sieve, and which fraction has the most plant nutrients or impurities? The aim of the study is to find out how well the compost is screenable and how plant nutrients are distributed by fractions. From the point of view of nature conservation, it is also important to know which faction the impurities are in. The work follows the scientific methods adopted from Lopez et al. (2002) research “Compost properties related to particle size”. Three different certified composts were used for current study, the composts were subjected to different drying ranges and in total three drying options were used. Accordingly, to the fractions the impurities were hand selected and evaluated. P, K, Ca and Mg available forms for plants were determined by the Egner-Riehm-Domingo method. Total carbon and nitrogen contents were determined accordingly to the Dumas methods by the dry firing method with a CNS elemental analyser (Elementar, Germany). As a result of the work, it can be stated that different drying regimes do not change the nutrient concentration in the fractions but drying improves the screening result.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, kompost, kompostimine, toitainete sisaldus