Polüpropüleen fenoolformaldehüüdliimi alternatiivina vineeri tootmisel
Laen...
Kuupäev
2024
Kättesaadavus
10.09.2024
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Käesolev magistritöö uurib polüpropüleeni võimaliku alternatiivina
fenoolformaldehüüdliimile vineeri valmistamisel. Termoplastid on paljulubavad
polümeerid, millega on võimalik vineeri valmistada ning vineeri keskkonnamõju
vähendada. Töös valmistatakse üheksa erinevat polüpropüleeniga katseplaati ja
fenoolformaldehüüdliimiga referentsplaat. Polüpropüleeniga valmistatud katseplaatidel
asendatakse traditsiooniline liim kilega. Kasutatakse kolme erinevat kile kogust ja kolme
erinevat kuumpressimise temperatuuri. Võrreldakse plaaditüüpide paindetugevust ja
paindeelastusmoodulit ning nihketugevust ehk liimühenduse kvaliteeti nii sisekasutuseks
kui välistingimustele sobivale vineerile. Metoodika seisneb vineeriplaatide valmistamises,
katsekehade lõikamises ja katsete läbiviimises vastavalt Eesti standarditele. Vineer
toodetakse Eesti Maaülikooli puidutöökojas ja katsed viiakse läbi ülikooli puidulaboris.
EVS-EN 314-2:1999 esitatud nihketugevuse piirnormile 1 N/mm2 ei vastanud
polüpropüleeniga plaaditüüp, millel oli kasutatud suurimat kuumpressimise temperatuuri
(200 °C) ja kõige väiksemat kile kogust (80 g/m2). Kõik teised plaadid vastasid standardi
miinimumnõuetele. Antud katsetes fenoolformaldehüüdliimiga vineeriga samaväärseks
tunnistati katseplaat, mis oli kõigis katsetes statistiliselt sarnaste või paremate näitajatega.
Positiivse hinnangu sai katseplaat, mis oli pressitud temperatuuril 190 °C 14 minutit
survega 1,4 MPa ja spoonilehtede vahel oleva kile kogusega 130 g/m2 ning järelpressitud
vaakumpressis rõhul -0,85 bar 9–10 minutit.
This thesis investigates polypropylene as a possible alternative to phenol formaldehyde glue in the manufacture of plywood. Thermoplastics are promising polymers that can be used to manufacture plywood and reduce the environmental impact of plywood production. Nine different test boards with polypropylene and a reference board with phenol formaldehyde glue will be produced. On the polypropylene test boards, the traditional adhesive is replaced by a film. Three different amounts of film and three different hot pressing temperatures are used. The flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of the board types and the shear strength, i.e. the quality of the adhesive bond, are compared for both interior and exterior plywood. The methodology consists of manufacturing plywood boards, cutting test specimens and conducting the tests according to Estonian standards. The plywood is produced in the workshop of the Estonian University of Life Sciences and the tests are carried out in the laboratory of the university. The polypropylene board type, which was subjected to the highest hot-pressing temperature (200 °C) and the smallest amount of film (80 g/m2), did not comply with the shear strength limit of 1 N/mm2 given in EVS-EN 314-2:1999. All the other boards met the minimum requirements of the standard. The test board with statistically similar or better performance in all tests was considered equivalent to the phenol formaldehyde plywood in these tests. A test board pressed at 190 °C for 14 minutes at a pressure of 1,4 MPa with a film of 130 g/m2 between the veneer sheets and post-pressed in a vacuum press at a pressure of -0,85 bar for 9-10 minutes received a positive evaluation.
This thesis investigates polypropylene as a possible alternative to phenol formaldehyde glue in the manufacture of plywood. Thermoplastics are promising polymers that can be used to manufacture plywood and reduce the environmental impact of plywood production. Nine different test boards with polypropylene and a reference board with phenol formaldehyde glue will be produced. On the polypropylene test boards, the traditional adhesive is replaced by a film. Three different amounts of film and three different hot pressing temperatures are used. The flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of the board types and the shear strength, i.e. the quality of the adhesive bond, are compared for both interior and exterior plywood. The methodology consists of manufacturing plywood boards, cutting test specimens and conducting the tests according to Estonian standards. The plywood is produced in the workshop of the Estonian University of Life Sciences and the tests are carried out in the laboratory of the university. The polypropylene board type, which was subjected to the highest hot-pressing temperature (200 °C) and the smallest amount of film (80 g/m2), did not comply with the shear strength limit of 1 N/mm2 given in EVS-EN 314-2:1999. All the other boards met the minimum requirements of the standard. The test board with statistically similar or better performance in all tests was considered equivalent to the phenol formaldehyde plywood in these tests. A test board pressed at 190 °C for 14 minutes at a pressure of 1,4 MPa with a film of 130 g/m2 between the veneer sheets and post-pressed in a vacuum press at a pressure of -0,85 bar for 9-10 minutes received a positive evaluation.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Metsatööstuse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, vineer, polüpropüleen, formaldehüüd, formaldehüüdivaba, termoplast