Pirnipuu pookealuste Pyrus ja Cydonia mõju puu kasvule, saagikusele ja saagi kvaliteedile
Laen...
Kuupäev
2012
Kättesaadav alates
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Pirnipuude kasvatamine vegetatiiv- ehk kloonalustel on laialdaselt levinud. Euroopas on
peamiselt kasutusel küdoonia kloonalused ja hariliku pirnipuu kloonalused. Küdoonia
kloonalused on varaviljakad, nõrga kasvutugevusega kuid osutuvad karmide talvedega
kliimas tihti talveõrnadeks. Lisaks küdoonia pookealustele kasutatakse ka hariliku pirnipuu
pookealused, mis on talvekindlamad kuid tugevama kasvu ja hilisema viljakande algusega.
Valitsev trend pirnikasvatusega tegelevates piirkondades on tiheda istutusega viljapuuaiad.
Edukas on tiheda istutusega istandus juhul kui puud on madala kasvulised. Pirnipuude kasvu
on võimalik kontrolli all hoida, kasutades nõrgakasvulisi pookealuseid. Lisaks nõrgale
kasvule, peaks pookealus olema talvekindel ning jõudma varakult viljakandeikka.
Erinevate pookealuste mõju pirnipuule sõltub suuresti piirkonnast, kus pookealust pirnipuu
omaduste parandamiseks kasutatakse. Üks olulisemaid omadusi pookealuse edukaks
kasutamiseks Eesti kliimatingimustes on talvekindlus. Praegu saadaolevate pookealuste
peamisteks probleemideks nende kasutamisel on nõrk talvekindlus ja kasvutugevus.
Töö eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada pirnipuu pookealused, mis oleksid hea talvekindlusega,
seemikalustest nõrgema kasvutugevusega, varase viljakande algusega ning positiivse mõjuga
viljade kvaliteedile.
European pear cultivars are mainly propagated by means of Common pear or Quince rootstocks. Common pear rootstocks are more cold tolerant, more vigorous but have better compatibility with pear cultivars. Quinces are less vigorous, more precocious, better in fruit size but less cold hardy. In pear growing areas current trend is to have high density plantings (HDP). The best way to realise a successful HDP, is to have small trees. Dwarfing rootstocks are needed to keep the vigour under control. Dwarfing rootstocks should also be winter hardy and induce early cropping. One of the most important factors for pear rootstock in Estonia is winter hardiness. Winter hardiness and vigour are limiting factors to use the rootstocks that are at the moment available. The goal of this paper was to describe and analyse different rootstocks to pear tree, that are winterhardy, are less vigorous than seedlings, produce early and have positive effect on fruit quality.
European pear cultivars are mainly propagated by means of Common pear or Quince rootstocks. Common pear rootstocks are more cold tolerant, more vigorous but have better compatibility with pear cultivars. Quinces are less vigorous, more precocious, better in fruit size but less cold hardy. In pear growing areas current trend is to have high density plantings (HDP). The best way to realise a successful HDP, is to have small trees. Dwarfing rootstocks are needed to keep the vigour under control. Dwarfing rootstocks should also be winter hardy and induce early cropping. One of the most important factors for pear rootstock in Estonia is winter hardiness. Winter hardiness and vigour are limiting factors to use the rootstocks that are at the moment available. The goal of this paper was to describe and analyse different rootstocks to pear tree, that are winterhardy, are less vigorous than seedlings, produce early and have positive effect on fruit quality.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
pirnipuu, pookealused, kasvutugevus, talvekindlus, saagikus, bakalaureusetööd