Uuenduse kasvukiirus rohkete säilikpuudega männikutes
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Kuupäev
2025
Kättesaadavus
03.09.2025
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Põhjamaade metsanduses on üheks kaasaegse metsanduse probleemiks üleminek
lageraiepõhiselt metsanduselt püsimetsakasvatusele. Eesti metsanduse senised ajaloolised
kogemused ei ole andnud meile edulugusid lageraie alternatiividega katsetamisel. Kehtivad
metsanduslikud regulatsiooniaktid ei luba lageraie alternatiivide rakendamisel raiuda
ühevanuselist vanametsa piisavalt hõredaks, et tagada metsauuenduse kiire ja elujõuline
kasv. Samas lubab seadusandlus uuendusraie ametlikul rakendamisel jätta kasvama
piiramatul arvul säilikpuid.
Bakalaureusetöös analüüsitakse rohkearvuliselt jäetud säilikpuude mõju noorte puude
kasvukiirusele esimestel istutusjärgsetel aastatel männikutes. Eesmärgiks on selgitada, kui
palju säilikpuid võib jätta kasvama, et metsauuenduse kasv ei oleks märkimisväärselt
pärsitud. Välitööd toimusid Eesti Maaülikooli metsakasvatuse töörühma
püsimetsakasvatusele ülemineku kaardistatud puudega katsealade männikutes. Neljas
puistus, kokku kaheteistkümnel ringproovitükil, mõõdeti istutatud puude kõrguskasvud ja
nummerdati puud tuleviku uuringuteks.
Bakalaureusetöö tulemused näitavad, et jättes uuendusraiel vanametsa puid männikus alles
täiuse vahemikus 20–30%, kasvavad uued puud esimestel kasvuaastatel lageraiejärgse
metsakultuuriga võrreldes sama kasvukiirusega. Kui vanametsa alles jääv täius ulatub 40
protsendini, võib uute puude kasv olla pidurdatud.
Töös vaadeldud katsealadel on soovitav uuenduse kasvukäigu jätkuv seire ning võrdlus
tavapraktika lageraiejärgse metsakultuuri kasvukäiguga. Võib prognoosida, et
uuenduspuude suuremaks kasvamisel suureneb ka vanade ja noorte puude omavaheline
juurkonkurents. Töö tulemused ja mõõdetud katsealad omavad praktilist väärtust
näidisaladena loodushuviliste, erametsaomanike ja riigimetsamajandajate koolitamisel.
One of the modern challenges in Nordic forestry is the transition from clear-cutting-based forest management to continuous cover forestry. In Estonia, historical forestry practices have not provided successful examples when experimenting with alternatives to clearcutting. Current forestry regulations do not permit thinning of mature forests to the extent needed to ensure rapid and vigorous regeneration when applying alternatives to clearcutting. At the same time, the legislation allows an unlimited number of retention trees to be left standing when clear-cutting is applied under an official felling notice. This bachelor's thesis analyzes the impact of high retention tree density on the growth rate of young trees during the first years after planting in Scots pine stands. The aim is to determine how many retention trees can be left standing without significantly suppressing the regeneration growth. Fieldwork was carried out in Scots pine stands within mapped research plots established by the Estonian University of Life Sciences silviculture working group as part of the transition to continuous cover forestry. All planted trees were individually tagged in the field for future research. The results of the thesis show that when retention trees are left at a stand density of 20– 30% in clear-cut pine stands, the newly planted trees grow at a similar rate to those in conventional post-clear-cut stands during the initial growth period. However, when the residual stand density reaches 40%, the growth of new trees may be suppressed. Ongoing monitoring of regeneration dynamics in the study areas is recommended, including comparisons to growth in typical post-clear-cut stands. It can be predicted that as the young trees grow taller, root competition between older and younger trees will intensify. The results and measured plots have practical value as demonstration sites for education and outreach aimed at nature enthusiasts, private forest owners, and state forest managers.
One of the modern challenges in Nordic forestry is the transition from clear-cutting-based forest management to continuous cover forestry. In Estonia, historical forestry practices have not provided successful examples when experimenting with alternatives to clearcutting. Current forestry regulations do not permit thinning of mature forests to the extent needed to ensure rapid and vigorous regeneration when applying alternatives to clearcutting. At the same time, the legislation allows an unlimited number of retention trees to be left standing when clear-cutting is applied under an official felling notice. This bachelor's thesis analyzes the impact of high retention tree density on the growth rate of young trees during the first years after planting in Scots pine stands. The aim is to determine how many retention trees can be left standing without significantly suppressing the regeneration growth. Fieldwork was carried out in Scots pine stands within mapped research plots established by the Estonian University of Life Sciences silviculture working group as part of the transition to continuous cover forestry. All planted trees were individually tagged in the field for future research. The results of the thesis show that when retention trees are left at a stand density of 20– 30% in clear-cut pine stands, the newly planted trees grow at a similar rate to those in conventional post-clear-cut stands during the initial growth period. However, when the residual stand density reaches 40%, the growth of new trees may be suppressed. Ongoing monitoring of regeneration dynamics in the study areas is recommended, including comparisons to growth in typical post-clear-cut stands. It can be predicted that as the young trees grow taller, root competition between older and younger trees will intensify. The results and measured plots have practical value as demonstration sites for education and outreach aimed at nature enthusiasts, private forest owners, and state forest managers.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Metsanduse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, lageraie alternatiivid, püsimetsandus, männikute uuendamine