Katlalabori kütteseadmete suitsugaaside väljatõmbe juhtimine
Laen...
Kuupäev
2018
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Eesti Maaülikooli katlalabori kütteseadmete tõhusa katsetamise ja uurimise tarbeks on
vajalik, et süsteemi protsess oleks võimalikult stabiilne. Kuid tihti esineb olukorda, kus
tõmme korstnas on liiga tugev, mis võib põhjustada liiga intensiivset põlemist
kütteseadmetes. Tugev tõmme võib põhjustada ka liigse õhu peale voolu koldesse, mille
tõttu tekib keemiliselt mittetäielik põlemine.
Antud lõputöö eesmärk oli luua katlalaborisse süsteem millega oleks võimalik reguleerida
tõmmet korstnas ning seeläbi luua paremaid tingimusi efektiivse põlemisprotsessi
tarbeks. Metoodika, antud töös esineva probleemi lahenduseks, oli muuta katlalabori
ruumirõhku, mille muutus kajastub ka korstna tõmbes. Ehk liiga intensiivse tõmbe korral
tekitatakse ruumi alarõhk, mis omakorda pärsib tõmmet korstnas. Alarõhu tekitamiseks
ruumis kasutati ventilaatorajamit, mida juhib sagedusmuundur ning selle sisse
monteeritud PID-regulaator.
Töö tulemuseks saadi rahuldava stabiilsusega protsess, mis aitab kütteseadmete
põlemisprotsessi paremini jälgida ja uurida. Töös välja töötatud mudel annab võimaluse
korstna rõhku muuta vastavalt soovidele. Kuna regulaatori töö võiks olla veelgi stabiilsem
saab antud tööd edasi arendada eesmärgiga protsessi veelgi efektiivsemaks muuta.
For the efficient testing and research in the boiler technology laboratory of the Estonian University of Life Sciences, it is necessary that the process of the system would be as stable as possible. However, there is often a situation where the pressure in the chimney is too strong, which causes very intense combustion in the heating system. In addition, too strong pressure can also cause situation where too much air is driven in to combustion, which causes inefficiency in burning process. The purpose of this thesis was to create a system in the boiler technology laboratory that would be able to regulate the pressure in the chimney and thereby create better conditions for an efficient combustion process. The methodology for solving this problem was to change the pressure in the boiler technology laboratory so that the change would also be reflected in the chimney pressure. In the case of over-intensive pressure, the under pressure of the room is caused, which in turn inhibits pressure in the chimney. A frequency converter drove the fan and PID controller mounted on it to generate the low pressure in the room. The experiment resulted in a satisfactorily stable process that would allow better monitoring and investigating the combustion process of the heating system. The design developed in the work provides the opportunity to change the chimney's pressure according to different needs. As the work of the regulator could be even more stable, this work can be further developed with the aim of making the process even more effective.
For the efficient testing and research in the boiler technology laboratory of the Estonian University of Life Sciences, it is necessary that the process of the system would be as stable as possible. However, there is often a situation where the pressure in the chimney is too strong, which causes very intense combustion in the heating system. In addition, too strong pressure can also cause situation where too much air is driven in to combustion, which causes inefficiency in burning process. The purpose of this thesis was to create a system in the boiler technology laboratory that would be able to regulate the pressure in the chimney and thereby create better conditions for an efficient combustion process. The methodology for solving this problem was to change the pressure in the boiler technology laboratory so that the change would also be reflected in the chimney pressure. In the case of over-intensive pressure, the under pressure of the room is caused, which in turn inhibits pressure in the chimney. A frequency converter drove the fan and PID controller mounted on it to generate the low pressure in the room. The experiment resulted in a satisfactorily stable process that would allow better monitoring and investigating the combustion process of the heating system. The design developed in the work provides the opportunity to change the chimney's pressure according to different needs. As the work of the regulator could be even more stable, this work can be further developed with the aim of making the process even more effective.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Tehnika ja tehnoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, rõhk, põlemisgaasid, korstnad