Bioloogiliste preparaatide mõju kartuli kuivlaiksuse (Alternaria Solani) tõrjel kontrollitud tingimustes
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Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
31.08.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Efektiivsete bioloogiliste preparaatide leidmine kartuli kuivlaiksuse (Alternaria Solani)
tõrjeks on oluline keemiliste tõrjevahendite kasutamise vähendamiseks ja kartulitootjatele
saagikuse suurendamiseks.
Käesoleva töö eesmärkideks on välja selgitada efektiivsemad bioloogilised preparaadid,
nende efektiivsus võrreldes keemilise preparaadiga ning doosi ja pritsimisaja mõju
kuivlaiksuse tõrjel. Töös seati kolm hüpoteesi: 1) bioloogiliste preparaatide kasutamisel
väheneb kartuli kuivlaiksuse nakkus; 2) preparaatide kasutamise aeg mõjutab kuivlaiksuse
tõrje efektiivsust; 3) kasutatav preparaadi doos mõjutab kuivlaiksuse tõrje efektiivsust.
Käesolevas katses kasutati bioloogilist päritolu materjali (kitosaan) ja elusorganisme
(seeneliigi Trichoderma asperellum ning bakteriliikide Bacillus subtilis, B.
amyloliquefaciens ja B. velezensis tüvesid). Katse viidi läbi pool-, täis- ja topeltdoose
kasutades. Töötlused viidi läbi kolmes katsevariandis: (1) 8 päeva ja 1 päev enne
nakatamist, (2) 1 päev enne nakatamist ja (3) 1 päev pärast nakatamist. Katsed kõikide
preparaatidega viidi läbi neljas katsekorduses. Bioloogiliste preparaatide mõju kartuli kuivlaiksuse tõrjel oli ebaühtlane. Preparaatide
efektiivsus ei olnud statistiliselt oluliselt erinev keemilise fungitsiidiga kui ka pritsimata
kontrolliga võrreldes. Bioloogilistest preparaatidest näitasid teistest taimikul väiksemat
nakatumise protsenti Serenade ASO (Bacillus subtilis) ja Florence 3 (Bacillus velezensis,
B. amyloliquefaciens).
Käesoleva katsega tõestati, et mõne bioloogilise preparaadiga on võimalik vähendada
kartulil kuivlaiksust. Katset tuleks korrata statistilise usutavuse määramiseks, suurendades
katsesuurendamisekskordusi.
The effecacy of biological products against potato early blight (Alternaria solani) is an important topic for researchers to find solutions to reduce plant diseases using biological products, to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and to increase yields for potato producers. The goals of this work are to find out more effective biological products, their effectiveness compared to chemical products and the effect of dose and spraying time on potato early bright control. Three hypotheses were set in the work: 1) when using biological preparations, the infection of the early blight of potatoes is reduced; 2) the time of use of the preparations affects the effectiveness of early blight control; 3) the dose of the preparation used affects the effectiveness of early bright control. In this experiment were used biological substance (chitosan) and living organisms (fungal species Trichoderma asperellum and the bacterial species Bacillus subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens and B. velezensis). The experiment was conducted using half-, fulland double doses. Treatments were carried out 8 and 1 day before inoculation with a plant disease A.solani and 1 day before and 1 day after inoculation with A.solani. The experiment used four plant in treatment. Treatment with a chemical product showed a lower percentage of infection compared to biological products. Among the biological products Serenade ASO (Bacillus subtilis) and Florence 3 (Bacillus velezensis, B. amyloliquefaciens) showed a lower percentage of seedling infection in comparision to untreatred control. The present experiment proves that it is possible to reduce early blight infection on potatoes with biological products, but it needs further experiments. The present experiment should be repeated with more plants in a replicate to increase statistical plausibility.
The effecacy of biological products against potato early blight (Alternaria solani) is an important topic for researchers to find solutions to reduce plant diseases using biological products, to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and to increase yields for potato producers. The goals of this work are to find out more effective biological products, their effectiveness compared to chemical products and the effect of dose and spraying time on potato early bright control. Three hypotheses were set in the work: 1) when using biological preparations, the infection of the early blight of potatoes is reduced; 2) the time of use of the preparations affects the effectiveness of early blight control; 3) the dose of the preparation used affects the effectiveness of early bright control. In this experiment were used biological substance (chitosan) and living organisms (fungal species Trichoderma asperellum and the bacterial species Bacillus subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens and B. velezensis). The experiment was conducted using half-, fulland double doses. Treatments were carried out 8 and 1 day before inoculation with a plant disease A.solani and 1 day before and 1 day after inoculation with A.solani. The experiment used four plant in treatment. Treatment with a chemical product showed a lower percentage of infection compared to biological products. Among the biological products Serenade ASO (Bacillus subtilis) and Florence 3 (Bacillus velezensis, B. amyloliquefaciens) showed a lower percentage of seedling infection in comparision to untreatred control. The present experiment proves that it is possible to reduce early blight infection on potatoes with biological products, but it needs further experiments. The present experiment should be repeated with more plants in a replicate to increase statistical plausibility.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, kuivlaiksus, Alternaria solani, bioloogiline preparaat, kartul, maavitsalised