Lageraiejärgselt proovitükkide taasrajamine Eesti metsa kasvukäigu püsiproovitükkide võrgustikus
Laen...
Kuupäev
2019
Kättesaadav alates
10.09.2019
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Eesti metsa kasvukäigu püsiproovitükkide võrgustiku rajamist alustati 1995. aastal.
Praeguseks ajaks asub enamus püsiproovitükke keskealistes või vanemates puistutes ning
puudub andmestik noorte puistute kohta, mille keskmine rinnasdiameeter on alla 4 cm.
Bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks oli rajada lageraie läbinud endistele Eesti metsa kasvukäigu
püsiproovitükkidele uued noorendike proovitükid. Selleks kasutati uut proovitükkide
rajamis- ja mõõtmismetoodikat.
Eesmärgi täitmiseks rajati 2018. aasta suvel ja 2019. aasta kevadel püsiproovitükid
kuusikusse, männikusse, haavikusse ja kaasikusse, olles esimeseks sammuks täitmaks
puuduvat andmestikku. Saadud andmestik on alguseks noorte puistute kasvukäigu
uurimisteks. Proovitükkidel mõõdeti ära 1,3-meetrised ja kõrgemad tulevikupuistus
kasvavad puud. Kõikidel puudel mõõdeti rinnasdiameeter, kaugus proovitüki tsentrist ja
asimuut. Mudelpuudel mõõdeti lisaks kõrgus ja elusa võra alguse kõrgus. Lisaks mõõdetud
puudele hinnati proovitükil alla 1,3 meetri kõrguste puude hulk, tehes selleks loendusruute.
Proovitükkidel kasvanud puude hilisemaks kirjeldamiseks kasutati statistikapaketti R.
Proovitükkide omavaheliseks võrdlemiseks kasutati MS Excel’i andmeanalüüsipakettide
vahendeid. Võrreldi puude kõrguste ja rinnasdiameetrite keskmisi väärtusi proovitükkide
lõikes. Samuti analüüsiti puude andmete varieeruvust iga eraldise lõikes.
Kuusiku ja männiku püsiproovitükkide analüüsist selgus, et proovitükid ei ole uuenenud
ühtlaselt. Kuusiku proovitükid olid rajatud istutatud alale, kus ebaühtlane uuenemine võis
olla tingitud maapinna ebapiisavast ettevalmistusest või kevadkülmadest, mida kuuseistikud
ei talu. Männiku proovitükid olid looduslikult uuenenud, mistõttu puude paiknemise
ebaühtlus võis tuleneda seemne levikust, maapinna ebapiisavast ettevalmistusest ja
valgustusraie kvaliteedist. Haaviku proovitükid ja kaasiku proovitükid olid ühed
liigirohkemad. Haaviku proovitükkidel ja kuusiku proovitükkidel kasvas rohkelt kännuvõsu.
Ainult haaviku proovitükkidel ei erinenud keskmised kõrgused ja ainult kuusiku
proovitükkidel ei erinenud keskmised rinnasdiameetrid. Rinnasdiameetrite varieeruvus
tõestas mitme proovitüki rajamise vajalikust ühele eraldisele.
Estonian Network of Forest Sample Plots was established in 1995. Today most sample plots are in middle-aged or older stands and there is no data of young stands where mean diameter at breast height is under 4 cm. The aim of current thesis is to get data of young stands by reestablishing forest sample plots of Estonian Network of Forest Sample Plots after deforestation. For this new establishing and measuring method was used. To achieve the aim of current thesis permanent sample plots were established in 2018 summer and 2019 spring in spruce, pine, aspen and birch young stands, being the first step of fulfilling the missing data. Received data is beginning of studies of young stands’ growth. All trees over 1,3 meters were measured by breast height diameter, distance from sample plot center and azimuth. Model trees were also measured by height and live crown ratio. In addition to measured trees, trees under 1,3 meters were assayed doing counting squares. To describe measured trees from sample plots statistical package R was used. Analysis package of MS Excel was used to compare sample plots. Mean heights and breast diameters were compared by sample plots and also measurement result variability was analysed. In spruce and pine sample plots’ analysis showed that sample plots were not regenerated evenly. Spruce sample plots were afforested area therefore uneven regeneration could have been affected by insufficient forest ground preparation and spring night colds which spruce plants do not tolerate. Pine sample plots were naturally regenerated which means that locations of trees was unevenness might had come from seed distribution or insufficient forest ground preparation. Aspen sample plots and birch sample plots were most diversed. Stump saplings grew amply on aspen sample plots and spruce sample plots. Mean heights did not differ only in aspen sample plots and mean breast diameters did not differ only in spruce sample plots. Multiple sample plots necessity was proved by breast diameter variability.
Estonian Network of Forest Sample Plots was established in 1995. Today most sample plots are in middle-aged or older stands and there is no data of young stands where mean diameter at breast height is under 4 cm. The aim of current thesis is to get data of young stands by reestablishing forest sample plots of Estonian Network of Forest Sample Plots after deforestation. For this new establishing and measuring method was used. To achieve the aim of current thesis permanent sample plots were established in 2018 summer and 2019 spring in spruce, pine, aspen and birch young stands, being the first step of fulfilling the missing data. Received data is beginning of studies of young stands’ growth. All trees over 1,3 meters were measured by breast height diameter, distance from sample plot center and azimuth. Model trees were also measured by height and live crown ratio. In addition to measured trees, trees under 1,3 meters were assayed doing counting squares. To describe measured trees from sample plots statistical package R was used. Analysis package of MS Excel was used to compare sample plots. Mean heights and breast diameters were compared by sample plots and also measurement result variability was analysed. In spruce and pine sample plots’ analysis showed that sample plots were not regenerated evenly. Spruce sample plots were afforested area therefore uneven regeneration could have been affected by insufficient forest ground preparation and spring night colds which spruce plants do not tolerate. Pine sample plots were naturally regenerated which means that locations of trees was unevenness might had come from seed distribution or insufficient forest ground preparation. Aspen sample plots and birch sample plots were most diversed. Stump saplings grew amply on aspen sample plots and spruce sample plots. Mean heights did not differ only in aspen sample plots and mean breast diameters did not differ only in spruce sample plots. Multiple sample plots necessity was proved by breast diameter variability.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Loodusvarade kasutamine ja kaitse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, noorendikud, kasvukäigud, puistute areng