Kruvidosaatori sobivus ahtalehiste mustikataimede väetamiseks
Laen...
Kuupäev
2025
Kättesaadav alates
12.09.2025
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Väetamise automatiseerimise vajadus maapiirkondades tuleneb tööjõupuudusest ja
tavapäraste masinate sobimatusest turbasubstraatidel kasvatatavate põllukultuuride puhul.
Käesolev töö on seotud väetamise täpsuse parandamisega ahtalehiste mustikataimede
kasvatamisel ja tugineb varasematele uuringutele väetamise tehnoloogiate kohta.
Töö eesmärk oli hinnata kruvipõhise doseerimissüsteemi sobivust graanulväetise täpseks
jaotamiseks põllumajandusrobotites kasutamiseks. Uurimistöös kasutati Yara Mila
Cropcare väetist, mille füüsikalised omadused määrati sõelanalüüsi ja mõõtmiste abil.
Doseerimissüsteemi disainiti ja analüüsiti nii diskreetsete elementide meetodit (DEM)
kasutades kui ka 3D-prinditud prototüübi abil läbi viidud katselise testimisega.
Peamised tulemused näitavad, et ühe keermega kruvidosaator suudab doseerida väetist
soovitud täpsusvahemikus (±5%) ligikaudu 90% juhtudest, kusjuures süsteem kaldub
pigem ala- kui üleannustamise suunas. Kahekordse keermega kruvi testimisel täheldati
suuremat hajuvust, mistõttu see osutus sobimatuks. Võrreldes varasemate sarnaste
töödega pakub see lahendus head tasakaalu täpsuse, tootmisvõimaluste ja süsteemi
integreeritavuse vahel. Tulevikus võiks täpsust parandada kaalupõhise tagasiside või
graanulite eeljahvatamise abil. Tööl on potentsiaal rakenduda reaalsetes automatiseeritud
väetamissüsteemides.
The automation of fertilization in rural areas is driven by labor shortages and the unsuitability of conventional machinery on peat-based soils where low-bush blueberries are cultivated. This study builds on previous research in fertilization technologies, focusing on improving dosing accuracy for blueberry plantations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of a screw-based dosing system for precise application of granular fertilizer in agricultural robots. The study used Yara Mila Cropcare fertilizer, whose physical characteristics were analyzed via sieve analysis and geometric measurements. The dosing system was designed and validated using Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations and experimental tests with a 3D-printed prototype. The results showed that a single-helix screw dispenser delivered doses within the ±5% target range in approximately 90% of cases, with a tendency toward underdosing rather than overdosing. A double-helix screw design produced less consistent results and was deemed unsuitable. Compared to earlier analogous solutions, this design balances accuracy, manufacturability, and integration potential. Future improvements could include feedback from weight sensors or pre-grinding larger fertilizer granules. The system presents a viable solution for real-world precision fertilization applications.
The automation of fertilization in rural areas is driven by labor shortages and the unsuitability of conventional machinery on peat-based soils where low-bush blueberries are cultivated. This study builds on previous research in fertilization technologies, focusing on improving dosing accuracy for blueberry plantations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of a screw-based dosing system for precise application of granular fertilizer in agricultural robots. The study used Yara Mila Cropcare fertilizer, whose physical characteristics were analyzed via sieve analysis and geometric measurements. The dosing system was designed and validated using Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations and experimental tests with a 3D-printed prototype. The results showed that a single-helix screw dispenser delivered doses within the ±5% target range in approximately 90% of cases, with a tendency toward underdosing rather than overdosing. A double-helix screw design produced less consistent results and was deemed unsuitable. Compared to earlier analogous solutions, this design balances accuracy, manufacturability, and integration potential. Future improvements could include feedback from weight sensors or pre-grinding larger fertilizer granules. The system presents a viable solution for real-world precision fertilization applications.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Tootmistehnika õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, põllumajandusrobotid, väetamine, täppispõllumajandus, diskreetsete elementide meetod (DEM)