Tahkekütuse omaduste määramine
Laen...
Kuupäev
2026
Kättesaadavus
10.09.2026
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö taustaks on vajadus vähendada fossiilkütuste kasutamist ning leida taastuvatel komponentidel põhinevaid alternatiivseid tahkekütuseid. Üheks võimali-kuks lahenduseks peetakse biomassi ja fossiilkütuste kombineerimist, et ühendada mõ-lema materjali positiivsed omadused. Käesoleva töö eesmärk oli uurida kivisöe-ligniin-briketi omadusi ning määrata katseliselt selle niiskusesisaldus ja tuhasus.
Töö teoreetilises osas anti ülevaade biomassi, ligniini ja kivisöe kasutamisest tahkekütus-tes ning käsitleti brikettide valmistamise põhimõtteid ja kvaliteedinäitajaid. Eksperimen-taalses osas viidi läbi kivisöe-ligniinbriketi niiskusesisalduse ja tuhasuse määramine labo-ratoorsete katsete abil. Niiskuse määramisel kasutati kuivatusahju ning tuhasuse määra-misel muhvelahju. Lisaks võrreldi võimalikke alternatiivseid tuhastusahjusid.
Katsete tulemusena kujunes kivisöe-ligniinbriketi keskmiseks niiskusesisalduseks 14,88% ning keskmiseks tuhasuseks 23,32%. Tuhastamise käigus selgus, et täieliku põle-mise saavutamiseks oli vajalik kahe järjestikuse tuhastamistsükli läbiviimine. Analüüsi käigus leiti, et mõõtetulemusi võis mõjutada kasutatud muhvelahju tehniline seisukord ning ebaühtlane õhu liikumine ahjus. Tuhajäägi punakaspruun värvus viitas võimalikele mineraalainetele, näiteks savi- ja liivaosakeste sisaldusele uuritavas materjalis.
Töö tulemused näitasid, et uuritud kivisöe-ligniinbrikett sobib kasutamiseks tahkekütu-sena, kuid selle omadused sõltuvad olulisel määral niiskusesisaldusest, mineraalainete hulgast ning põletustingimustest.
The background of this bachelor’s thesis is the need to reduce the use of fossil fuels and to find alternative solid fuels based on renewable materials. One possible solution is the combination of biomass and fossil fuels in order to combine the positive properties of both materials. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the properties of a coal-lignin briquette and experimentally determine its moisture and ash content. The theoretical part of the thesis provided an overview of the use of biomass, lignin, and coal in solid fuels and discussed the principles of briquette production and quality in-dicators. In the experimental part, the moisture and ash content of the coal-lignin bri-quette were determined using laboratory methods. A drying oven was used for moisture determination and a muffle furnace for ash determination. In addition, alternative furna-ces suitable for ashing were compared. The experimental results showed that the average moisture content of the coal-lignin bri-quette was 14.88% and the average ash content was 23.32%. During the ashing process it was observed that two consecutive ashing cycles were required to achieve complete combustion of the samples. The analysis indicated that the measurement results may have been influenced by the technical condition of the muffle furnace and uneven air circulation inside the furnace. The reddish-brown color of the ash residue suggested the possible presence of mineral components such as clay and sand particles in the investi-gated material. The results of the study showed that the investigated coal-lignin briquette is suitable for use as a solid fuel, although its properties are significantly influenced by moisture con-tent, mineral content, and combustion conditions.
The background of this bachelor’s thesis is the need to reduce the use of fossil fuels and to find alternative solid fuels based on renewable materials. One possible solution is the combination of biomass and fossil fuels in order to combine the positive properties of both materials. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the properties of a coal-lignin briquette and experimentally determine its moisture and ash content. The theoretical part of the thesis provided an overview of the use of biomass, lignin, and coal in solid fuels and discussed the principles of briquette production and quality in-dicators. In the experimental part, the moisture and ash content of the coal-lignin bri-quette were determined using laboratory methods. A drying oven was used for moisture determination and a muffle furnace for ash determination. In addition, alternative furna-ces suitable for ashing were compared. The experimental results showed that the average moisture content of the coal-lignin bri-quette was 14.88% and the average ash content was 23.32%. During the ashing process it was observed that two consecutive ashing cycles were required to achieve complete combustion of the samples. The analysis indicated that the measurement results may have been influenced by the technical condition of the muffle furnace and uneven air circulation inside the furnace. The reddish-brown color of the ash residue suggested the possible presence of mineral components such as clay and sand particles in the investi-gated material. The results of the study showed that the investigated coal-lignin briquette is suitable for use as a solid fuel, although its properties are significantly influenced by moisture con-tent, mineral content, and combustion conditions.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Tehnika ja tehnoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, biomass, ligniin, tahkekütus, tuhasus, niiskusesisaldus, Roheline Ülikool (töö toetab EMÜ Rohelise Üikooli põhimõtteid), energiavarustus, taastuvenergia, keskkonnasõbralikkus