Inhibitory Effects of Chlorella vulgaris Algasomes on Listeria species Growth and Biofilm Eradication

Antimicrobial resistance is rising, diminishing the efficacy of synthetic antimicrobials. Natural alternatives, like extracellular vesicles (EVs), show promise against pathogens. This study investigates EVs from Chlorella vulgaris spent medium (algasomes) on Listeria monocytogenes, focusing on growth, biofilm formation, and eradication.