Assessment of developmental potential of in vitro produced dairy cattle embryos by invasive and non-invasive methods
| dc.contributor.advisor | Jaakma, Ülle | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Kõks, Sulev | |
| dc.contributor.author | Nõmm, Monika | |
| dc.contributor.department | Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences | eng |
| dc.contributor.other | Leroy, Jo (opponent) | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-02-27T10:20:43Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-02-27T10:20:43Z | |
| dc.date.defensed | 2024-05-02 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.description | A Thesis for applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Science. | eng |
| dc.description | Väitekiri filosoofiadoktori kraadi taotlemiseks loomaarstiteaduse erialal. | est |
| dc.description.abstract | ABSTRACT. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and preimplantation embryo diagnostics have become increasingly essential in cattle breeding. Artificial insemination, in vivo embryo production using superovulation and uterine flushing, collection of oocytes from live animals, and in vitro embryo production have revolutionized cattle breeding. Although these technologies have been used for decades, efforts are constantly being made to improve them. The aim of the thesis was to identify embryo developmental biomarkers and differences in gene expression patterns using various non-invasive and minimally invasive methods to assess the quality of cattle embryos before transfer. It was determined that it is possible to remove in vitro culture media from still-developing embryos without inhibiting their development. Liquid chromatography analysis did not identify any specific biomarkers predicting embryo development. Still, differences were observed in the composition of the maturation media among embryos that had reached the blastocyst stage by the eighth day. Cattle embryos produced in vitro secrete extracellular vesicles into the environment which are nano-sized particles. The concentration of these particles in the maturation media depends on the embryos’ development stage and quality. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis can distinguish significant differences in gene expression patterns between embryos that can develop into blastocysts and those whose development stopped at the morula stage. Morula biopsy allows genetic analysis from embryos without harming them. Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is great potential for the further development of these methods to find biomarkers for embryo quality, which will be useful in cattle breeding. | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | LÜHIKOKKUVÕTE. Veiste aretustöös on olulisteks tööriistadeks reproduktiivtehnoloogiad. Kunstlik seemendamine, in vivo embrüote tootmine superovulatsiooni ja emakaloputuse abil, munarakkude kogumine eluslooma munasarjast ja embrüote in vitro ehk katseklaasis tootmine on veisekasvatust revolutsiooniliselt muutnud. Kuigi neid tehnoloogiaid on kasutatud juba aastakümneid, tegeletakse järjepidevalt nende paremaks ja tõhusamaks muutmisega. Väitekirja eesmärk oli leida erinevate mitteinvasiivsete ja minimaalselt invasiivsete embrüo kvaliteedi hindamise meetodite abil veise embrüote arengumarkereid ja geeniekspressiooni mustrites erisusi, mis aitaks tuvastada parima kvaliteediga embrüod enne siirdamist. Leiti, et in vitro on võimalik eemaldada osa kasvulahust ilma embrüote arengut pärssimata. Vedelikkromatograafilise analüüsiga ei leitud ühtegi kindlat embrüo arengut ennustavat üksikut biomarkerit, kuid täheldati erinevusi kasvulahuste koostises kaheksandaks päevaks blastotsüsti staadiumisse jõudnud embrüote vahel. Veise in vitro toodetud embrüod eritavad oma kasvukeskkonda nanoosakesi – ekstratsellulaarseid vesiikuleid, mille kontsentratsioon kasvulahuses sõltub embrüo arengustaadiumist ja kvaliteedist. Ühe raku RNA sekveneerimise analüüsi põhjal on võimalik eristada olulisi geeniekspressiooni erinevusi embrüote vahel, mis olid võimelised arenema blastotsüstiks või mille areng peatus moorula staadiumis. Moorula biopsia võimaldab embrüote geneetilist analüüsi ilma neid kahjustamata. Tulemuste põhjal võib järeldada, et kasutatud meetodite edasisel arendamisel on väga suur potentsiaal embrüote kvaliteedimarkerite leidmiseks ning need meetodid leiavad rakendust veisekasvatuses. | est |
| dc.description.sponsorship | The publication of this dissertation is supported by the Estonian University of Life Sciences. | eng |
| dc.identifier.isbn | 9789916719657 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2382-7076 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10492/8849 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.15159/emu.131 | |
| dc.publisher | Estonian University of Life Sciences | eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Doctoral Theses of the Estonian University of Life Sciences | eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Eesti Maaülikooli doktoritööd | est |
| dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | eng |
| dc.rights.uri | https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/Riigikogu/act/519062017005/consolide | est |
| dc.subject | dissertations | eng |
| dc.subject | dissertatsioonid | est |
| dc.subject | veis | est |
| dc.subject | tõuaretus | est |
| dc.subject | in vitro meetod | est |
| dc.subject | embrüo | est |
| dc.subject | cattle | eng |
| dc.subject | animal breeding | eng |
| dc.subject | in vitro | lat |
| dc.subject | embryo | eng |
| dc.title | Assessment of developmental potential of in vitro produced dairy cattle embryos by invasive and non-invasive methods | eng |
| dc.title.alternative | Piimaveise in vitro embrüote arengupotentsiaali hindamine invasiivsete ja mitteinvasiivsete meetodite abil | est |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis | eng |
| dc.type.qualificationname | PhD |
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