Vahekultuuride segud
Laen...
Kuupäev
2020
Kättesaadavus
28.08.2020
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Vahekultuuride kasvatamine on kliimamuutuste ja põllumajanduse suure surve tõttu
keskkonnale muutumas järjest olulisemaks. Olulisemaks on muutunud põllumajanduse
jätkusuutlikuse arendamine vahekultuuridega. Vahekultuure kasvatatakse puhaskülvidena
ja erinevate taimeliikide segudena. Kuigi monokultuurina on vahekultuure lihtsam
külvikorda sobitada, siis segudena kasvatades on sageli suurem biomass kui üksikliigil,
toiteelementide sidumine parem ja mõju mullaomaduste parandamiseks tõhusam. Antud
bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks oli hinnata erinevate vahekultuuride segude biomassi
moodustamise ja toitainete sidumise võimet. Töös analüüsiti 2018. ja 2019. aastal
Põllumajandus- ja Keskkonnainstituudi katsepõllul Eerikal läbiviidud katsete andmeid.
Katses kasvatati üheksat erinevat vahekultuuride segu, mis koostati erinevatest
vahekultuurideks sobivatest taimeliikidest. Katsetulemustest järeldus, et erinevad
vahekultuuride segud on erineva biomassi ja toitainete sidumise võimega. Selgus, et
toitainete sidumine olenes biomassist- suurema biomassi puhul seoti rohkem toitaineid.
Erinevate segude liigilise koosseisu võrdlustest selgus, et vahekultuuride segudesse võiks
suure biomassi moodustamiseks lisada sellised liigid nagu talivikk, kesaredis ja keerispea.
In recent decades, growing cover crops has gained popularity and a lot of researches has been done. Cover crops are one of the solutions to make agriculture more sustainable and to cope with climate change. However, most farmers grow cover crops as a monoculture and it is little known about cover crop mixtures and which mixtures could be succesful in Estonia. The aim of this thesis, is to compare different cover crop mixture biomasses and nutrient accumulation. This study is based on an experiment which was conducted in 2018 and 2019 on experimental field of Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Science in Eerika. The experiment consisted nine mixtures of different cover crop species. Biomass, nutrient accumulation and species composition were measured. Results showed that different cover crop mixtures have different biomasses and nutrient retentions. We concluded that biomass yield affects nutrient accumulation- mixtures with bigger biomass yield also accumulated more nutrients. The study indicated that three species (hairy vetch, phacelia, tillage radish) were more dominant than others and produced biggest biomass. Mixture which consisted all three species had the biggest biomass and nutrient accumulation in both years. Because it is benefitial to grow mixtures with high biomass, these species are very effective as cover crops.
In recent decades, growing cover crops has gained popularity and a lot of researches has been done. Cover crops are one of the solutions to make agriculture more sustainable and to cope with climate change. However, most farmers grow cover crops as a monoculture and it is little known about cover crop mixtures and which mixtures could be succesful in Estonia. The aim of this thesis, is to compare different cover crop mixture biomasses and nutrient accumulation. This study is based on an experiment which was conducted in 2018 and 2019 on experimental field of Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Science in Eerika. The experiment consisted nine mixtures of different cover crop species. Biomass, nutrient accumulation and species composition were measured. Results showed that different cover crop mixtures have different biomasses and nutrient retentions. We concluded that biomass yield affects nutrient accumulation- mixtures with bigger biomass yield also accumulated more nutrients. The study indicated that three species (hairy vetch, phacelia, tillage radish) were more dominant than others and produced biggest biomass. Mixture which consisted all three species had the biggest biomass and nutrient accumulation in both years. Because it is benefitial to grow mixtures with high biomass, these species are very effective as cover crops.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, vahekultuurid, biomass, toitained, liigiline koosseis