Development and optimization of a reagent-free pretreatment method for the production of liquid biofuels from lignocellulosic waste
| dc.contributor.advisor | Kikas, Timo | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rooni, Vahur | |
| dc.contributor.department | Institute of Forestry and Engineering | eng |
| dc.contributor.other | Inayat, Abrar (opponent) | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-03-31T12:19:06Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-03-31T12:19:06Z | |
| dc.date.defensed | 2022-04-07 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.description | A Thesis for applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering Sciences. | eng |
| dc.description | Väitekiri filosoofiadoktori kraadi taotlemiseks tehnikateaduse erialal. | est |
| dc.description.abstract | Global energy consumption and demand are increasing every year. In 2018, the distribution of global energy consumption was as follows: 51% heat production, 17% electricity production and 32% transportation sector. There are a number of sustainable “green” alternatives to fossil resources for heat and electricity production however, alternative solutions for the transportation sector are lacking. Presently, the biofuels used to reduce the share of fossil fuels are mostly produced from sugar, starch or oil-rich food crops. In order to avoid competition between food and fuels, the greatest potential is seen in the second-generation biofuels, such as bioethanol, which are produced using different plant (lignocellulosic) residues as a feedstock. It is possible to produce bioethanol, biodiesel and, for example, synthesis gas, but compared to the first generation, the production is much more complex due to characteristics of raw material therefore requiring a higher energy input. The second-generation bioethanol production chain includes several steps: pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. The most important process in the entire production chain is pretreatment. The more efficient the pretreatment, the higher the yield of sugars and ethanol that can be achieved. In order to increase the competitiveness of the second-generation bioethanol as an alternative motor fuel, various pretreatment methods were studied in the framework of this doctoral thesis to ensure maximum cellular structure disruption with minimal energy and no chemical input. Freezing, as a potential zero-energy pre-treatment method for the Nordic climate, and explosive decompression method were investigated in order to determine the optimal pretreatment process parameters. | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | Energia tarbimine ja nõudlus suureneb maailmas iga-aastaselt. 2018. aastal oli ülemaailmse energia tarbimise jaotus järgnev: 51% soojusenergia, 17% elektrienergia ja 32% transpordisektor. Kui soojus- ja elektrienergia tootmiseks on olemas mitmeid jätkusuutlikke „rohelisi“ alternatiive asendamaks fossiilsete ressursside osakaalu, siis transpordisektori puhul need suurel määral puuduvad. Praegusel hetkel kasutatakse fossiilset päritolu mootorikütuste osakaalu vähendamiseks enamasti esimese põlvkonna biokütuseid, mis on toodetud suhkru-, tärklise- või õlirikastest toidukultuuridest. Vältimaks toiduainete ja mootorikütuste omavahelist konkurentsi nähakse enim potentsiaali teise põlvkonna biokütustes nagu näiteks bioetanool, mille tootmisel kasutatakse toormeks erinevaid taimseid (lignotselluloosseid) jääkmaterjale. Toota on võimalik nii bioetanooli, biodiislikütust kui ka näiteks sünteesgaasi, kuid võrreldes esimese põlvkonnaga on tootmine toorme iseärasustest tingituna märksa keerukam ning vajab suuremat energeetilist sisendit. Lignotselluloossest biomassist bioetanooli tootmine nõuab toorme eeltöötlemist, hüdrolüüsimist, kääritamist ning destilleerimist. Kõige olulisem protsess kogu bioetanooli tootmisahelas on eeltöötlus. Mida efektiivsem on eeltöötlus, seda kõrgemaid suhkrute ja etanooli saagiseid on võimalik saavutada. Saavutamaks kõrgeimaid võimalikke saagiseid uuriti antud doktoritöö raames erinevaid eeltöötlusmeetodeid, tagamaks maksimaalne rakustruktuuri lõhkumine kemikaalivabalt ning minimaalse energeetilise sisendiga eesmärgiga suurendada teise põlvkonna bioetanooli kui alternatiivse mootorikütuse, konkurentsivõimet. Uuriti nii külmutamiste, kui potentsiaale nullenergeetilise sisendiga eeltöötlusmeetodit põhjamaisesse kliimasse, kui ka plahvatusliku rõhulangetuse meetodit, selgitamaks välja optimaalseimad eeltöötlusprotsessi parameetrid. | est |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Publication of this dissertation is supported by the Estonian University of Life Sciences. This study has been supported by Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology, Doctoral School of Energy and Geotechnology III (Estonian University of Life Sciences ASTRA project “Value-chain based bio-economy), European Union Regional Development Fund via the Estonians Research Council´s Mobilitas Pluss (Projects MOBERA1 and MOBERA2), and base financed EULS P170025 TIBT and PM180107TIBT projects. Also Doctoral Studies and Internationalisation Programme DoRa, Dora Plus programme “The Smart Specialisation scholarship for PhD students which were carried out by Foundation Archimedes. | eng |
| dc.identifier.isbn | 978-9916-669-32-7 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2382-7076 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10492/7250 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.15159/emu.89 | |
| dc.publisher | Estonian University of Life Sciences | |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Doctoral Theses of the Estonian University of Life Sciences | eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Eesti Maaülikooli doktoritööd | est |
| dc.rights | © Vahur Rooni, 2022 | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/Riigikogu/act/519062017005/consolide | |
| dc.subject | dissertatsioonid | est |
| dc.subject | dissertations | eng |
| dc.subject | biomass | est |
| dc.subject | lignotselluloos | est |
| dc.subject | jäätmed | est |
| dc.subject | biomassienergia | est |
| dc.subject | biokütused | est |
| dc.subject | biotehnoloogia | est |
| dc.subject | biomass | eng |
| dc.subject | lignocellulose | eng |
| dc.subject | waste | eng |
| dc.subject | biomass energy | eng |
| dc.subject | biofuels | eng |
| dc.subject | biotechnology | eng |
| dc.title | Development and optimization of a reagent-free pretreatment method for the production of liquid biofuels from lignocellulosic waste | eng |
| dc.title.alternative | Lignotselluloossetest jäätmetest vedela biokütuse tootmiseks kemikaalivaba eeltöötlusmeetodi väljatöötamine ja optimeerimine | est |
| dc.type | Doctoral Thesis | eng |
| dc.type.qualificationname | PhD |
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