Eesti piimatootmisettevõtete tööviljakus netolisandväärtuse alusel võrreldes Euroopa Liidu liikmesriikidega aastatel 2017–2023
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Kuupäev
2026
Kättesaadavus
04.09.2026
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Põllumajandussektori käekäiku on viimastel aastatel kujundanud mitmed muutused, sealhulgas sisendihindade kasv, muutlikud ilmastikutingimused ja põllumajanduspoliitika muutused, millest tulenevalt on vajalik kasutada ressursse järjest tõhusamalt. Ettevõtete efektiivsuse hindamisel rahvusvahelises võrdluses on sobivaks näitajaks tööviljakus. Bakalaureusetöös käsitletakse Eesti piimatootmisettevõtete tööviljakust netolisandväärtuse alusel võrdluses Euroopa Liidu liikmesriikidega aastatel 2017–2023.
Töös kasutatakse Euroopa Liidu põllumajandusettevõtete raamatupidamisandmete võrgustiku FADN/FSDN avaliku andmebaasi andmeid. Analüüsitakse netolisandväärtuse taset töötunni kohta uuritavates riikides ning tööviljakuse ja mitmete tootmis- ja majandusnäitajate vahelisi seoseid nende liikmesriikide andmete põhjal.
Eesti piimatootmisettevõtete tööviljakus netolisandväärtuse alusel oli analüüsitud aastatel Euroopa Liidu keskmisel tasemel või sellest kõrgem, kuid jäi alla kõige kõrgema tööviljakusega riikidele, nagu Taani ja Holland. Eesti piimatootmisettevõtteid iseloomustasid Euroopa Liidu keskmisest kõrgem piimakus ja suurem ettevõtete keskmine suurus, mis toetasid kõrgema tööviljakuse kujunemist. Samas näitas analüüs, et kõrgem kogutoodangu väärtus ei kandunud täiel määral üle netolisandväärtuseks. Seega peegeldas netolisandväärtuse põhine lähenemine piimasektori ettevõtete tegelikku majanduslikku tulemuslikkust täpsemalt kui kogutoodangu põhine lähenemine. Netolisandväärtuse töötunni kohta näitaja seos piimakuse taseme ja lehmade arvuga oli oluline ka teiste Euroopa Liidu liikmesriikide puhul. Lisaks ilmnes tugev positiivne seos kogutoodangu väärtuse töötunni kohta ning tööjõu tunnikuludega, mis viitab sellele, et kõrgema tootmismahu ja suuremate tööjõukuludega riikides kujunes üldiselt ka kõrgem tööviljakus.
Samuti selgus, et otsetoetuste ja tööviljakuse vahel ilmnes EL liikmesriikide keskmiste andmete põhjal nõrk negatiivne seos, samas Eesti andmete põhjal moodustasid otsetoetused netolisandväärtusest suhteliselt suure osa. Töö tulemused võimaldavad paremini hinnata Eesti piimatootmisettevõtete positsiooni võrdluses Euroopa Liidu liikmesriikidega ning annavad ülevaate peamistest teguritest, mis mõjutavad tööviljakuse kujunemist piimatootmises.
In recent years, the agricultural sector has been influenced by several changes, including rising input prices, changing weather conditions, and developments in agricultural policy, making the efficient use of resources increasingly important. Labour productivity is considered a suitable indicator for evaluating the efficiency of enterprises in an international comparison. This bachelor’s thesis examines the labour productivity of Estonian dairy production enterprises based on net value added in comparison with European Union member states during the period 2017–2023. The study uses data from the public FADN/FSDN database of the European Union Farm Accountancy Data Network. The analysis focuses on the level of net value added per hour worked in the observed countries and on the relationships between labour productivity and several production and economic indicators based on the data of these member states. The labour productivity of Estonian dairy production enterprises based on net value added was at or above the European Union average during the analysed period, although it remained below the level of the highest-productivity countries, such as Denmark and the Netherlands. Estonian dairy enterprises were characterised by higher milk yield and a larger average herd size compared to the European Union average, which supported the development of higher labour productivity. At the same time, the analysis showed that the higher value of total output did not fully translate into net value added. Therefore, the net value added approach reflected the actual economic performance of dairy enterprises more accurately than the total output approach. The relationship between net value added per hour worked and both milk yield and herd size was also significant in other European Union member states. In addition, a strong positive relationship emerged between total output value per hour worked and hourly labour costs, indicating that countries with higher production volumes and higher labour costs generally also achieved higher labour productivity. The analysis also revealed a weak negative relationship between direct payments and labour productivity based on the average data of European Union member states, while in Estonia direct payments accounted for a relatively large share of net value added. The results of the study provide a better understanding of the position of Estonian dairy production enterprises in comparison with European Union member states and give an overview of the main factors influencing labour productivity in dairy production.
In recent years, the agricultural sector has been influenced by several changes, including rising input prices, changing weather conditions, and developments in agricultural policy, making the efficient use of resources increasingly important. Labour productivity is considered a suitable indicator for evaluating the efficiency of enterprises in an international comparison. This bachelor’s thesis examines the labour productivity of Estonian dairy production enterprises based on net value added in comparison with European Union member states during the period 2017–2023. The study uses data from the public FADN/FSDN database of the European Union Farm Accountancy Data Network. The analysis focuses on the level of net value added per hour worked in the observed countries and on the relationships between labour productivity and several production and economic indicators based on the data of these member states. The labour productivity of Estonian dairy production enterprises based on net value added was at or above the European Union average during the analysed period, although it remained below the level of the highest-productivity countries, such as Denmark and the Netherlands. Estonian dairy enterprises were characterised by higher milk yield and a larger average herd size compared to the European Union average, which supported the development of higher labour productivity. At the same time, the analysis showed that the higher value of total output did not fully translate into net value added. Therefore, the net value added approach reflected the actual economic performance of dairy enterprises more accurately than the total output approach. The relationship between net value added per hour worked and both milk yield and herd size was also significant in other European Union member states. In addition, a strong positive relationship emerged between total output value per hour worked and hourly labour costs, indicating that countries with higher production volumes and higher labour costs generally also achieved higher labour productivity. The analysis also revealed a weak negative relationship between direct payments and labour productivity based on the average data of European Union member states, while in Estonia direct payments accounted for a relatively large share of net value added. The results of the study provide a better understanding of the position of Estonian dairy production enterprises in comparison with European Union member states and give an overview of the main factors influencing labour productivity in dairy production.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Maamajandusliku ettevõtluse ja finantsjuhtimise õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, piimakarjakasvatus, lisandväärtus, FADN, tööjõu tootlikkus