Vees lahustuvad vitamiinid mäletsejaliste ja hobuste söödaratsioonis
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Kuupäev
2025
Kättesaadavus
04.09.2025
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Vees lahustuvate vitamiinide hulka kuuluvad tiamiin, riboflaviin, niatsiin, koliin, pantoteenhape, püridoksool, biotiin, foolhape, kobalamiin ja askorbiinhape. Mäletsejaliste puhul sünteesivad vees lahustuvaid vitamiine peamiselt vatsa mikroorganismid, mistõttu suudavad terved täiskasvanud loomad oma vajadused üldjuhul katta. Sarnaselt mäletsejalistega rahuldavad hobused oma vees lahustuvate vitamiinide vajadused söödast saadavate vitamiinide ja jämesoole mikrofloora sünteesi kaudu. Mikroobne süntees ei pruugi olla piisav aga kõrgetoodanguliste loomade, noorloomade või haigete loomade puhul.
Ajas on meie ootused põllumajandusloomadele muutunud ja sestap ei pruugi varasemalt paika pandud vitamiinide nõuded olla alati asjakohased. Seepärast on oluline olla kursis uuemate uurimistöödega, mis võtavad arvesse loomade suurenenud jõudluse, tagamaks nende tervis ja heaolu. Kõige rohkem leiab kirjandusest uuringuid piimalehmade kohta, vähem aga lammaste, kitsede ja hobuste kohta ja seetõttu on otstarbekam eeskätt just viimaste osas viia läbi täiendavaid vees lahustuvate vitamiinide vajadust puudutavaid uuringuid.
Antud bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks oli anda teaduskirjanduse põhjal ülevaade vees lahustuvate vitamiinide olemusest ning tuua välja nende positiivset jõudlustulemust näidanud kogus mäletsejaliste ning hobuste söödaratsioonides.
Water-soluble vitamins include thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, choline, pantothenic acid, pyridoxal, biotin, folic acid, cobalamin and ascorbic acid. Water-soluble vitamins are mainly synthesized by rumen microorganisms, therefore healthy adult ruminants can generally meet their needs. Similarly, horses satisfy their needs either through vitamins obtained from their feed and through synthesis by the microflora of the large intestine. However, microbial synthesis may not be sufficient in high-producing animals, young animals or sick animals. Over time, our expectations for livestock productivity have changed and previously established vitamin requirements may not be appropriate anymore. It is therefore important to keep up with new research that takes into account the increased performance of animals in order to ensure their health and well-being. So far most studies have been conducted about dairy cows, but fewer on sheep, goats and horses, and thus it is important to conduct additional studies on the need for water-soluble vitamins. The aim of this thesis was to provide an overview of the nature of water-soluble vitamins based on scientific literature and to highlight the amounts needed in order to show positive productivity results in ruminants and horses.
Water-soluble vitamins include thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, choline, pantothenic acid, pyridoxal, biotin, folic acid, cobalamin and ascorbic acid. Water-soluble vitamins are mainly synthesized by rumen microorganisms, therefore healthy adult ruminants can generally meet their needs. Similarly, horses satisfy their needs either through vitamins obtained from their feed and through synthesis by the microflora of the large intestine. However, microbial synthesis may not be sufficient in high-producing animals, young animals or sick animals. Over time, our expectations for livestock productivity have changed and previously established vitamin requirements may not be appropriate anymore. It is therefore important to keep up with new research that takes into account the increased performance of animals in order to ensure their health and well-being. So far most studies have been conducted about dairy cows, but fewer on sheep, goats and horses, and thus it is important to conduct additional studies on the need for water-soluble vitamins. The aim of this thesis was to provide an overview of the nature of water-soluble vitamins based on scientific literature and to highlight the amounts needed in order to show positive productivity results in ruminants and horses.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Loomakasvatuse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, söödalisandid, jõudlusnäitajad, põllumajandusloomad