Krohmseente (Glomeromycota) liigiline koosseis erinevate kartulisortide juurtes
Laen...
Kuupäev
2016
Kättesaadavus
alates 30.08.2021
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Arbuskulaarset mükoriisat moodustavad krohmseened (Glomeromycota) on võimelised moodustama
sümbioosi ligikaudu 80% maismaataimedega, kuhu kuuluvad ka enamus
tootmisotstarbel kasvatavad
kultuurtaimed. Kuna kogu maailmas suureneb nõudlus keskkonnasäästlikult toodetud toidu järgi, on
oluline leida erinevaid võimalusi jätkusuutliku saagi tagamiseks tingimustes, kus sünteetiliste väetiste
ja pestitsiidide osakaalu
on vähendatud. On leitud, et enam kui 450 miljonit aastat taimedega
kooseksisteerinud arbuskulaarset mükoriisat moodustavad krohmseened võivad olla võtmesõnaks
keskkonnasäästliku ent majanduslikult jätkusuutliku tootmise tagamisel.
Reolas rajatud katse ee
smärgiks oli erinevate kartulisortide juurtes leiduva krohmseente koosseisu ja
osakaalu väljaselgitamine. Teiseks eesmärgiks oli võrrelda erinevate kartulisortide juurtes leiduvate
krohmseente koosseisu ning liigirikkust sõltuvalt taime kasvufaasist. Tulem
ustest võib järeldada, et
krohmseente liigirikkus on mõjutatud oluliselt taime kasvufaasist, olles oluliselt liigirikkam
kartulitaimede vananemise faasis kogutud juurtes. Hõimkonda krohmseened kuuluvate DNA
järjestuste jaotamise järel perekonna (genera) ta
sandini selgus, et kõigist teadaolevast 14
sugukonnastoli esindatud 6 sugukonda ning teadaolevast 29 krohmseente perekonnast oli käesolevates
proovides esindatud 8 perekonda. Võrreldes krohmseente kooslusi sõltuvalt kartulisordist, leiti, et
erinevate kart
ulisortide juuri koloniseeris võrdlemisi erinev krohmseente kooslus. Koosluse erinevused
viitavad sellele, et erinevate kartulisortide ja arbuskulaarset mükoriisat moodustavate seeneliikide
vahel esineb teatud spetsiifilisus. Seega, püstitatud hüpoteesid leidsid kinnitust. Krohmseente koosseis
ning osakaal varieerub kartulisortide vahel ning krohmseente liigirikkus erinevates taime
kasvufaasides on erinev.
The demand for food produced in an ecologically friendly way is getting more prominent in the whole world. Therefore, it is essential to find novel approaches to enhance sustainable agriculture while not reducing crop yields. Arbuscular mycorrhiza form a symbiotic relationship with around 80% of terrestrial plant species with fungi that belong to a phylum Glomeromycota. It has been found that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which has co - existed with plants for over 450 million years, might be the key component of sustainable crop production. The aim of the study carried out in Reola was to find out the community composition and species richness of Glomeromycota present in the roots of different potato cultivars. The second aim was to compare the species richness of Glomeromycota depending on the growth stage of the plant. The results confirm that the richness of Glomeromycota varies throughout the growing season, being essentially higher in the roots collected in the senescence stage. Dividing the phylum Glomeromycota to the lower taxonomic level, was found that out of all 14 known families, six were represented, and out of 29 known genera, eight were represented in the root samples. Comparing th e root community composition between potato cultivars, we found that roots of different cultivars were colonized by relatively different communities of Glomeromycota. Thus, the community composition and richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was highly a ffected by cultivar, and as well as plant growth stage. Such differences indicate that the symbiotic relationship with potato cultivars and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is somewhat specific.
The demand for food produced in an ecologically friendly way is getting more prominent in the whole world. Therefore, it is essential to find novel approaches to enhance sustainable agriculture while not reducing crop yields. Arbuscular mycorrhiza form a symbiotic relationship with around 80% of terrestrial plant species with fungi that belong to a phylum Glomeromycota. It has been found that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which has co - existed with plants for over 450 million years, might be the key component of sustainable crop production. The aim of the study carried out in Reola was to find out the community composition and species richness of Glomeromycota present in the roots of different potato cultivars. The second aim was to compare the species richness of Glomeromycota depending on the growth stage of the plant. The results confirm that the richness of Glomeromycota varies throughout the growing season, being essentially higher in the roots collected in the senescence stage. Dividing the phylum Glomeromycota to the lower taxonomic level, was found that out of all 14 known families, six were represented, and out of 29 known genera, eight were represented in the root samples. Comparing th e root community composition between potato cultivars, we found that roots of different cultivars were colonized by relatively different communities of Glomeromycota. Thus, the community composition and richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was highly a ffected by cultivar, and as well as plant growth stage. Such differences indicate that the symbiotic relationship with potato cultivars and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is somewhat specific.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
kartul, sordid, juur, mükoriisa, seened, liigiline koosseis, magistritööd