Elektersõidukite akude taaskasutamine hoonete energiavarustuses
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Kuupäev
2018
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Elektersõidukite levik on aastate jooksul kasvanud ja esimeste elektriautode akude eluiga
hakkab lõppema, mistõttu tuleb leida akudele kasutusaja lõppemisel teine lahendus peale
ümbertöötlemise. Akude eluea lõppedes elektriautode energiaallikana ei tähenda veel
täielikult ammendunud akut vaid need mahutavad piisavalt energiat, et akusid oleks
võimalik kasutada teistel otstarvetel, näiteks hoonete energiasalvestina. Antud töö eesmärk
on koguda andmeid kasutatud elektriautode kohta, selgitada välja nende eeldatav eluiga ja
akude mahutavuse vähenemine eluea jooksul ning leida viise akude integreerimiseks
hoonete energiavarustusse. Töö käigus keskendutakse Nissan Leafi aku uurimisele, mille
käigus otsitakse sobivat seadmestikku aku ühendamiseks päikesepaneelide süsteemiga
elamule. Elamu elektritarbimine võetakse aluseks PV süsteemi parameetrite valikul
arvestades Eesti kliimas paiknevate päikeseelektrijaamade tootlikkust. Akupanga suuruse
valimisel lähtutakse Nissan Leafi moodulite arvust ja hoone elektritarbimisest pimedal ajal,
kui päikesepaneelide tootlikkus puudub või on liiga madal, et katta hoone elektrienergia
vajadust. Koostatud töö tulemusena leiti, et Nissan Leafi aku integreerimiseks hoonetele
läheb vaja aku juhtimissüteemi ehk BMS (battery management system), mis muudab aku
elementide kasutamise ohutuks. Antud süsteemi koostamine reaalse projektina eeldab
täiendavat uurimist.
Over the years the popularity of electric vehicles has grown in the society and the lives of the first electric car batteries are coming to an end, which is why the second solution to use remaining battery life should be sought out after recycling. At the end of the battery life as the power source for electric cars does not yet fully depreciate the battery itself, it can still accommodate enough energy to enable batteries to be used for other purposes, such as energy storage in buildings. The purpose of this master thesis is to collect data on electric cars in the society, to find out their expected lifetime and regression of the capacity of batteries during their lifetime and also search out new ways to integrate batteries into the housing energy supply. This paper focuses on researching the battery of Nissan Leaf, in the hopes to find a suitable equipment for connecting the battery to a solar panel system of the residential building. The size of the battery pack is based on the number of Nissan Leaf modules and the power consumption in the dark when there is no or too low solar output to cover the daily electricity needs of the building. As a result of this work, it was found that the integration of the Nissan Leaf battery into buildings requires a battery management system - BMS, which helps to make the battery elements safe to use. The correct assemble and design of this system as a real life project requires further investigation.
Over the years the popularity of electric vehicles has grown in the society and the lives of the first electric car batteries are coming to an end, which is why the second solution to use remaining battery life should be sought out after recycling. At the end of the battery life as the power source for electric cars does not yet fully depreciate the battery itself, it can still accommodate enough energy to enable batteries to be used for other purposes, such as energy storage in buildings. The purpose of this master thesis is to collect data on electric cars in the society, to find out their expected lifetime and regression of the capacity of batteries during their lifetime and also search out new ways to integrate batteries into the housing energy supply. This paper focuses on researching the battery of Nissan Leaf, in the hopes to find a suitable equipment for connecting the battery to a solar panel system of the residential building. The size of the battery pack is based on the number of Nissan Leaf modules and the power consumption in the dark when there is no or too low solar output to cover the daily electricity needs of the building. As a result of this work, it was found that the integration of the Nissan Leaf battery into buildings requires a battery management system - BMS, which helps to make the battery elements safe to use. The correct assemble and design of this system as a real life project requires further investigation.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Energiakasutuse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, elektriautod, energiasalvestid, akud, päikeseenergia