Improvement of the elk domestication technology at Sumarokovsky State Nature Reserve
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Kuupäev
2020
Kättesaadavus
Ajakirja pealkiri
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Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
The paper discusses the technology of elk domestication and measures for its
improvement at Sumarokovsky state nature reserve, the largest world center for the domestication
of elks, as well as an environmental, research, cultural and educational institution. The article
contains the data on ethological observations, the evolution of elk behavior in the conditions of
ecological tourism, on elk keeping and on the conditions of the food base, on technological
processes and suggests possible ways to correct them. It has the description of the organizational
structure of the reserve, of the forestlands around and of their forage capacity; gives information
about the vegetation composition, the mode of keeping and feeding elks. The reserve, due to its
presence in a specially protected area, experiences significant restrictions on forest use on its
territory, which leads to a deterioration and decrease in the area and quality of forage land for
domesticated elks. The article shows the necessity of improving the regulatory framework as well
as of the development and implementation of biotechnological measures to preserve and increase
the forage capacity of frestland. It also shows that the technological chain of domestication makes
it possible to get a controlled, stress-resistant, calm, friendly and safe animal, to carry out the
selection period for the formation of dairy herds earlier, to obtain unique milk with both high
nutritional and medicinal properties. Considering the fact that the largest number of domesticated
elks in the world is concentrated in the reserve, the technology there is unique. Because of the
potential danger of an elk as a source of human infection with various pathogens, the veterinary
service requires intensification. It includes monitoring, development of treatment methods, drug
application, prevention and control measures for diseases, provision of normative documents, etc.
A change in the elk domestication technology under the increasing role of ecological tourism has
led to the formation of a new economical type of a reserve, which combines elements of a
stationary-exit, multidisciplinary and enclosure types.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
domestication, elk, elk farm, articles