Metaanilagunduskatte efektiivsuse uuring Uikala prügilas
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Kuupäev
2020
Kättesaadav alates
01.09.2020
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Prügilatest eraldub märkimisväärses koguses prügilagaasi, mis tekib anaeroobses
keskkonnas orgaaniliste jäätmete lagundamisel. Kõige probleemsem prügilagaasis on
metaan ning seetõttu on oluline vähendada metaani emissioone prügilates. Üheks
alternatiiviks on katta prügila metaanilagunduskattega.
Uuringud Uikala prügilas olid planeeritud kaheks aastaks (2018-2020). Käesolev töö on
järjeks Oksana Tsibernaja magistritööle. Magistritöö eesmärgiks on uurida mehaanilisbioloogiliselt töödeldud (MBT) jäätmete kahe erineva peenfraktsiooni efektiivsust
metaani lagundamisel prügila kattekihis.
Ida-Virumaal asuvasse Uikala prügila töötsooni rajati 2018. aastal kaks kõrvuti asetsevat
eksperimentaalset katseala, nn „boiakent“. Katseala kattekihi materjalina kasutati
mehaanilis-bioloogiliselt töödeldud olmejäätmete kahte fraktsiooni: 0-40 mm ja 0-20
mm. Mõlema katseala pinnakihi sisse süvistati gaasikuplite jaoks kolm statsionaarset
rõngast ning mõlema katseala sisse paigaldati kaheksast horisontaalsest filterelemendist
gaasikogumissüsteem. Kattekihi seest mõõdeti metaani sisaldus portatiivse
gaasianalüsaatoriga GA5000 kohapeal, kattekihi pinnalt koguti prügilagaasi vakumeeritud
pudelitega laborianalüüsideks. Välitöid tehti vahemikus 17.07.2019-30.03.2020.
Tulemustest selgus, et prügilasse rajatud katsealalt lendub metaani väikeses koguses.
Suurimad emissioonid olid 0-20 mm fraktsiooniga katsealal. Võrreldes mõlemat katseala,
töötab 0-40 mm fraktsiooniga katseala paremini, kuna lenduva metaani emissioonid olid
madalamad ja stabiilsemad.
Landfills emit a considerable amount of landfill gas produced in the process of organic waste degrading in an aerobic environment. The most problematic landfill gas is methane, and it is therefore important to reduce methane emissions in landfills. One alternative is to cover landfills with a methane degradation layer. The study at Uikala landfill was designed to last two years (2018–2020). This project is a continuation of Oksana Tsibernaja’s Master’s thesis. The aim of this Master’s project is to study the efficiency of the fine fraction of mechanically biologically treated (MBT) waste in degrading methane in the cover layer of the landfill. Two adjacent experimental test sites “biowindow” were established in 2018 at the operating Uikala landfill located in Ida-Viru County. 0–40 mm and 0–20 mm MBT fractions were used as the cover layer material. Three stationary rings for holding gas chambers were installed into the sub-surface of both test sites, and an 8-level horizontal gas well with gas collection filters was installed inside both test site. Methane content inside the cover layer was measured using a portable gas analyser GA5000, and methane emissions were measured from the cover layer in the lab, while gas was collected by using vacuumed bottles. Field work was conducted from 17.07.2019–30.03.2020. The results showed that a small amount of methane is emitted and released into the atmosphere from the test site. The largest emissions originated from the test site that contained 0–20 mm fractions. Comparing the two test sites, the one containing 0–40 mm fractions was more efficient, producing a smaller amount of methane emissions which were more stable.
Landfills emit a considerable amount of landfill gas produced in the process of organic waste degrading in an aerobic environment. The most problematic landfill gas is methane, and it is therefore important to reduce methane emissions in landfills. One alternative is to cover landfills with a methane degradation layer. The study at Uikala landfill was designed to last two years (2018–2020). This project is a continuation of Oksana Tsibernaja’s Master’s thesis. The aim of this Master’s project is to study the efficiency of the fine fraction of mechanically biologically treated (MBT) waste in degrading methane in the cover layer of the landfill. Two adjacent experimental test sites “biowindow” were established in 2018 at the operating Uikala landfill located in Ida-Viru County. 0–40 mm and 0–20 mm MBT fractions were used as the cover layer material. Three stationary rings for holding gas chambers were installed into the sub-surface of both test sites, and an 8-level horizontal gas well with gas collection filters was installed inside both test site. Methane content inside the cover layer was measured using a portable gas analyser GA5000, and methane emissions were measured from the cover layer in the lab, while gas was collected by using vacuumed bottles. Field work was conducted from 17.07.2019–30.03.2020. The results showed that a small amount of methane is emitted and released into the atmosphere from the test site. The largest emissions originated from the test site that contained 0–20 mm fractions. Comparing the two test sites, the one containing 0–40 mm fractions was more efficient, producing a smaller amount of methane emissions which were more stable.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Keskkonnakorraldus ja -poliitika õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, heitmed, metaan, metaanilagunduskate, prügilagaas, metaani lagunemine, Roheline Ülikool (töö toetab EMÜ Rohelise Ülikooli põhimõtteid), jäätmekäitlus