Esma- ja korduvpoeginud emiste tütarde karjas püsimise ja prakeerimispõhjuste võrdlemine
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Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadav alates
09.09.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Produktiivsete emiste karja valimine on farmile majanduslikult oluline. Esmapoeginud emis
saab vähem järglasi, sealjuures viimased on väiksema kehamassiga kui mitmendat korda
poegiva emise järglased. Samas puuduvad uuringud esmapoegijate ja mitmendat korda
poegivate emiste tütarde karjas püsimise ning prakeerimispõhjuste kohta. Antud töö
eesmärk on võrrelda esmapoegija tütarde prakeerimispõhjuseid ja nende karjas püsivust
mitmendat korda poegiva emise tütarde omadega. Töös on kasutatud Eesti
Põllumajandusloomade Jõudluskontrolli 2012 – 2021 aasta andmeid. Käesoleva uuringu
võrdlusesse kaasati karja täienduseks jäetud 59754 emise tütart. Emiste tütred jaotati kolme
poegimiskorra rühma: 1; 2. – 5. ja ≥6. Käesoleva töö tulemuste põhjal võib väita, et 6. ja
edasise poegimiskorra emiste tütred püsisid keskmiselt 67 päeva kauem karjas kui
esmapoeginud emise tütred (p < 0,001) ning 2. – 5. poegimiskorra tütred püsisid karjas
keskmiselt 32 päeva kauem karjas kui esmapoeginud emiste tütred (p < 0,001).
Esmapoegijate tütarde peamised prakeerimispõhjused olid teadmata (29,1%) ja
sigimishäired (21,5%). 2. – 5. poegimiskorra puhul olid sarnased prakeerimispõhjused:
teadmata (23,7%) ja sigimishäired (23,2%). 6. ja rohkema poegimiskorra tütreid prakeeriti
23,7% sigimishäirete ja 20,6% vigastuste ja jäsemete haiguste tõttu. Töö tulemuste põhjal
võib järeldada, et mitmendat korda poeginud emise tütar püsib karjas kauem kui
esmapoegija tütar. Samas prakeerimispõhjuste põhjal oli raske hinnata tulemusi teadmata
prakeerimispõhjuse suure osakaalu tõttu. Võib oletada, et teadmata prakeerimispõhjus võis
mõjutada ka teiste prakeerimispõhjuste suhtelist sagedust ning seetõttu ei kajastaks reaalset
olukorda Eestis emiste tütarde prakeerimispõhjuste kohta.
It is economically important to choose productive sow to the herd. Primiparous sows have smaller litters and piglets birth weights are lighter than multiparous sows’ piglets. There is no research on the matter, if primiparous sows daughter’s longevity is as good as multiparous sows’ daughters. The aim of the current thesis is to compare primiparous sows’ and multiparous sows’ daughters culling reasons and longevity. This research was conducted based on data collected by the Estonian Livestock Performance Recording Ltd between the years 2012 – 2021. A total of 59754 sows were selected to the herds as replacement sows. Sows’ daughters were divided into 3 different groups based on number of farrowing: 1; 2. – 5. and ≥6. The results of the study showed that the ≥6th farrowing group daughters stayability was 67 days longer on average than primiparous sows’ daughters (p < 0,001) and 2 nd – 5 th farrowing daughters stayability was 32 days longer than primiparous sows’ daughters (p < 0,001). The main reasons for culling of primiparous daughters were unknown (29,1%) and reproductive disorders (21,5%) and the 2nd – 5 th farrowing daughters had same main culling reasons 23,7% and 23,2%, respectively. Reproductive disorders (23,7%) and injuries and lameness (20,6) were the main culling reasons for the ≥6th farrowing order daughters. Based on the results of this work it can be concluded that multiparous sows’ daughters stay longer in the herds than primiparous sows’ daughters. It is hard to say which culling reasons affect sows’ daughters, because of the high proportion of culling due unknown reason. It can be suspected that the unknown culling reason affects other culling reasons and therefore would not give right conclusion about the situation in Estonia.
It is economically important to choose productive sow to the herd. Primiparous sows have smaller litters and piglets birth weights are lighter than multiparous sows’ piglets. There is no research on the matter, if primiparous sows daughter’s longevity is as good as multiparous sows’ daughters. The aim of the current thesis is to compare primiparous sows’ and multiparous sows’ daughters culling reasons and longevity. This research was conducted based on data collected by the Estonian Livestock Performance Recording Ltd between the years 2012 – 2021. A total of 59754 sows were selected to the herds as replacement sows. Sows’ daughters were divided into 3 different groups based on number of farrowing: 1; 2. – 5. and ≥6. The results of the study showed that the ≥6th farrowing group daughters stayability was 67 days longer on average than primiparous sows’ daughters (p < 0,001) and 2 nd – 5 th farrowing daughters stayability was 32 days longer than primiparous sows’ daughters (p < 0,001). The main reasons for culling of primiparous daughters were unknown (29,1%) and reproductive disorders (21,5%) and the 2nd – 5 th farrowing daughters had same main culling reasons 23,7% and 23,2%, respectively. Reproductive disorders (23,7%) and injuries and lameness (20,6) were the main culling reasons for the ≥6th farrowing order daughters. Based on the results of this work it can be concluded that multiparous sows’ daughters stay longer in the herds than primiparous sows’ daughters. It is hard to say which culling reasons affect sows’ daughters, because of the high proportion of culling due unknown reason. It can be suspected that the unknown culling reason affects other culling reasons and therefore would not give right conclusion about the situation in Estonia.
Kirjeldus
Lõputöö
Veterinaarmeditsiini õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, prakeerimine, vastupidavus karjas, emis, seakasvatus, nooremis