Phytophthora spp. määramise võimalustest ning patogeeni leidudest taimlates ja metsas
Laen...
Kuupäev
2013
Kättesaadav alates
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Käesoleva magistritöö eesmärgiks oli isoleerida Phytophthora`le omaste sümptomitega
taimedelt ja puudelt haigustekitajad ja need määrata. Uurimisülesanneteks oli uute ja
innovaatiliste võimaluste tutvustamine ohtlike Phythophthora liikide täpsemaks tuvastamiseks
taimlates ja metsas. Uurida, kas Phytophthora on levinud ka metsas. Lisaks analüüsida
taimlatest pärit Phytophthora`le omaste haigussümptomitega taimi ning määrata võimalik
tekitaja.
Töö käigus koguti 161 kase-, 5 rododendroni-, 7 mulla- ja 72 lepaproovi, millel kirjeldati
sümptomaatilised tunnused ning kindlate haigustunnustega taimeproovidelt isoleeriti
haigustekitaja. DNA analüüs viidi läbi 35 sümptomaatiliste tunnustega taimel ja puul, 3
mullaproovil ja 18 puhaskultuuril. Agaroosgeelis tehtud pilt näitas munasseente (Oomycetes)
klassi kuuluvate liikide olemasolu 19 kase-, 13 lepa-, 3 rododendroni- ja 3 mullaproovil.
Puhaskultuuridest näitas agaroosgeelis tehtud pilt munasseente klassi kuuluvate liikide
olemasolu 7 kase-, 7 lepa- ja 2 rododendroniproovil.
DNA analüüsi tulemusena avastati ühest taimlast liik Phytophthora cactorum ning teisest
perekond Phytophthora. Töö kõige olulisema tulemusena avastati metsas kasvavalt
looduslikult hallilt lepalt (Alnus incana) Ph. cactorum. Kas leitud Phytophthora liik on seotud
taimlatest pärineva tüvega, vajab veel edasisi uuringuid.
Kiirteste Phytophthora perekonna määramiseks kasutati esmakordselt metsapatoloogia
diagnostikas. Tehti 14 kiirtesti, millest 4 tulemust olid positiivsed (näitas Phytophthora spp.
olemasolu proovis). Kiirtesti sobib kasutada Phytophthora nakkuse testimiseks värsketest
taime proovidest ja puhaskultuurist, ei sobi vanade haiguskollete ja seisnud proovide
Phytophthora nakkuse kontrollimiseks.
The main purpose of this master thesis was to isolate and determine Phytophthora spp. from symptomatic plants and trees. In addition, to introduce new and innovative possibilities to detect dangerous Phythophthora species in nurseries and forests, to find out if Phytophthora is spread in forest, to isolate Phytophthora from symptomatic plants from nurseries and to detect pathogen. To isolate pathogen 161 birch-, 5 rhododendron-, 7 soil- and 72 alder samples were obtained and described. The pathogen was isolated from the plants that were most symptomatic to Phytophthora spp. DNA analyses were carried out on 35 symptomatic plants and trees, 3 soil samples and 18 isolates in pure cultures. DNA amplification products resulted the class of Oomycetes in 19 birch-, 13 alder-, 3 rhododendron and in 3 soil samples. As the result of DNA amplification 7 birch, 7 alder and 2 rhododendron isolates were classified as Oomycetes. As the result of DNA analyses Phytophthora cactorum was determined from one and Phytophthora spp. from the other nursery surveyed in this master thesis. Interesting outcome of this thesis was the finding of Ph. cactorum from Alnus incana, which was growing in forest. It needs further investigations is this strain of Ph. cactorum related to the strain found from nurseries. For the first time „Pocket Diagnostic Phytophthora“ was used in diagnostic of forest pathology. Four positive results (means that Phytophthora was present in investigated sample) were derived from 14 tests. Freshly collected plant tissues and isolates are preferable for doing Phytophthora test.
The main purpose of this master thesis was to isolate and determine Phytophthora spp. from symptomatic plants and trees. In addition, to introduce new and innovative possibilities to detect dangerous Phythophthora species in nurseries and forests, to find out if Phytophthora is spread in forest, to isolate Phytophthora from symptomatic plants from nurseries and to detect pathogen. To isolate pathogen 161 birch-, 5 rhododendron-, 7 soil- and 72 alder samples were obtained and described. The pathogen was isolated from the plants that were most symptomatic to Phytophthora spp. DNA analyses were carried out on 35 symptomatic plants and trees, 3 soil samples and 18 isolates in pure cultures. DNA amplification products resulted the class of Oomycetes in 19 birch-, 13 alder-, 3 rhododendron and in 3 soil samples. As the result of DNA amplification 7 birch, 7 alder and 2 rhododendron isolates were classified as Oomycetes. As the result of DNA analyses Phytophthora cactorum was determined from one and Phytophthora spp. from the other nursery surveyed in this master thesis. Interesting outcome of this thesis was the finding of Ph. cactorum from Alnus incana, which was growing in forest. It needs further investigations is this strain of Ph. cactorum related to the strain found from nurseries. For the first time „Pocket Diagnostic Phytophthora“ was used in diagnostic of forest pathology. Four positive results (means that Phytophthora was present in investigated sample) were derived from 14 tests. Freshly collected plant tissues and isolates are preferable for doing Phytophthora test.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
Betula pendula, Alnus incana, Alnus glutinosa, Rhododendron spp., Phytophthora spp., puhaskultuur, taimla, magistritööd