Tehiskärestiku projektlahendus Püssi paisule Purtse jõel
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Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadav alates
08.09.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Eestis on üle 1000 paisu, millest 75% on kaladele ületamatud, takistades kaladel
potentsiaalsetele kudealadele liikumist, lõigates ära rändeteed toitumis ja talvitusaladele.
Üheks selliseks on Purtse jõel paiknev Püssi pais, mille jaoks koostatakse looduslähedase
kärestik-kalapääsu projekt.
Töös kirjeldatakse kalapääsude vajalikkust, objekti piirkonda ja tuuakse välja
eskiisprojekti põhjal omavalitsuse ja kalanduseksperdi poolt välja valitud kärestikkalapääsu eelised.
Töö eesmärgiks oli projekteerida tehiskärestik Püssi paisule ning leida Autodesk River
and Flood Analysis mooduliga koostatud mudelit kasutades veetasemete kõrgused ja
üleujutusulatused projekteeritava kalapääsu piirkonnas, kinnitamaks kalapääsu sobivust
valitud asukohas. Täiendavalt võrreldi mudeli poolt tekitatud veetasemeid kindlate
vooluhulkade ja veetasemetega, mis mõõdeti eraldi.
Tulemustest selgus, et kriitilise 1% kevadise suurvee maksimaalse vooluhulga korral ei
teki piirkonnas märkimisväärseid üleujutusi. Seega sobiks valitud tehiskärestiku lahendus
oma mõõtmetelt ja toimivuselt antud asukohta. Samas tuleb mudeliga loodud veetasemete
väärtustesse suhtuda kriitiliselt ja parandada sisendparameetrite väärtusi.
Esitatakse kärestik-kalapääsu projektlahendus tööprojekti staadiumis, mis valmis lõputöö
raames ettevõttes Kobras OÜ.
There are more than 1,000 dams in Estonia, 75% of which act as a barrier to fish migration, i.e. preventing fish from moving to potential spawning grounds and cutting off migration routes to feeding and wintering areas. One of these is the Püssi Dam on the Purtse River, for which a close-to-nature rapid fish pass project is being prepared. The paper describes the necessity of fish passes, the area of the object, and highlights the advantages of the rapid fish pass selected by the municipality and a fisheries expert based on the sketch project. The thesis aim was to design rapid fish-pass to the area of Püssi pais and find water level heights and flood extents around nearby areas of the designed fish passage using the model created with Autodesk River and Flood Analysis module for verification that the designed fish-pass is suitable in that place. Additionally comparison was made between model created waterlevels and measured waterlevels with the same discarge values. Even with the most critical 1% maximum spring flood discharge values, there will be no significant flooding at nearby areas. Thus, the solution of the given rapid fish pass construction would be suitable for the given location in terms of its dimensions and performance. But we have be critical to those waterlevel values that are created with modelling and for better results improve the input parameters. The design solution of the close-to-nature rapid fish pass and the overview of the work project were a part of project done in Kobras OÜ.
There are more than 1,000 dams in Estonia, 75% of which act as a barrier to fish migration, i.e. preventing fish from moving to potential spawning grounds and cutting off migration routes to feeding and wintering areas. One of these is the Püssi Dam on the Purtse River, for which a close-to-nature rapid fish pass project is being prepared. The paper describes the necessity of fish passes, the area of the object, and highlights the advantages of the rapid fish pass selected by the municipality and a fisheries expert based on the sketch project. The thesis aim was to design rapid fish-pass to the area of Püssi pais and find water level heights and flood extents around nearby areas of the designed fish passage using the model created with Autodesk River and Flood Analysis module for verification that the designed fish-pass is suitable in that place. Additionally comparison was made between model created waterlevels and measured waterlevels with the same discarge values. Even with the most critical 1% maximum spring flood discharge values, there will be no significant flooding at nearby areas. Thus, the solution of the given rapid fish pass construction would be suitable for the given location in terms of its dimensions and performance. But we have be critical to those waterlevel values that are created with modelling and for better results improve the input parameters. The design solution of the close-to-nature rapid fish pass and the overview of the work project were a part of project done in Kobras OÜ.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Vesiehituse ja veekaitse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, tehiskärestik, vooluhulk, modelleerimine, projekteerimine, Roheline Ülikool (töö toetab EMÜ Rohelise Ülikooli põhimõtteid), elurikkus, pärandkooslused, pärandmaastikud, maastikukaitse