Pruunvöötaudi tekitaja Lecanosticta acicola viljakehade ja eoste rohkus Eestis
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Kuupäev
2021
Kättesaadavus
08.09.2021
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Uued ja invasiivsed patogeenid Eestis vajavad üha rohkem tähelepanu, et mõista
invasiivsete seenhaiguste kulgu ning seeläbi rakendada efektiivselt profülaktilisi tõrje
meetmeid. Sellele tuginedes seati käesoleva bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks uurida 2008.
aastal Eestis avastatud pruunvöötaudi tekitaja Lecanosticta acicola eoste ja viljakehade
leviku dünaamikat ja nende seoseid ilmastikuga.
Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö andmed koguti Eesti Maaülikooli dendraariumis kasvava
pruunvöötaudi nakatunud mägimänni (Pinus mugo) lähedusse paigutatud aktiivse
eospüüdjaga (Bukard) perioodil 02.01.2018-03.01.2020 ning viljakehadega okkaproovid
koguti vahemikus 18.10.2017-03.01.2020. Eoste arvukuse hindamiseks õhus kasutati
liigispetsiifilist qPCR meetodit ning viljakehade prepareerimist. Eoste leviku
modelleerimiseks kasutati ilmaandmeid Eesti Maaülikooli Tehnikamaja ning Tartu
Ülikooli Füüsikainstituudi ilmajaamadest.
Ilmandmete mõju hindamisel selgus, et viljakehades olevate eoste arvukusele osutus
statistiliselt oluliseks kastepunkt (P<0,05). Õhutemperatuuri kasvades ja langedes oli näha
selgeid paralleele eoste arvukusel viljakehades. Eoste hulk viljakehades oli kõige kõrgem
juulis, augustis ja septembris. Kõige madalam eoste arv viljakehades oli märtsis, aprillis ja
mais. Tulemustes täheldati, et eoseid leidus nii viljakehades kui õhus aastaringselt ka
miinuskraadidel ning suurim eoste arvukus õhus oli juunikuus. Saadud tulemustest võib
järeldada, et keskmisest soojemad suvekuud soodustavad viljakehades eoste tootlust,
mistõttu võib ilmastiku muutudes eoste sporulatsiooni kestusaeg kuude lõikes varieeruda.
New invasive pathogens in Estonia need more attention and furthermore research in order to understand the dynamics of the distribution of invasive fungal diseases and thus to implement effective preventive control measures. Based on the above, the aim of this bachelor’s thesis was to study brown spot needle blight caused by Lecanosticta acicola fruiting bodies and conidial abundance in Estonia climate conditions. Data were collected from January 2, 2018 to January 3, 2020. In the arboretum of the Estonian University of Life Sciences with an active spore trap (Bukard) placed near the diseased mountain pine (Pinus mugo). Needle samples were collected from the same tree from October 18, 2017 to January 3, 2020. A species-specific qPCR method was used to determine the number of spores in the air and a weather dataset was compiled for statistical analysis. Results show that Dew point (P<0.05) was statistically significant for the conidial production. As the air temperature increased and decreased, clear parallels were seen with the number of spores in the fruiting bodies. Conidial production was highest in July, August and September. In the second half of autumn, the number of spores in the fruiting bodies started to decrease until the spring months of March, April and May when spore numbers were the lowest. The results show that fruiting bodies sporulate all year round and even in weather conditions below 0°C. Conidia observed on spore trap showed a peak in abundance occurring in June. Warmer summers promote spore production therefor active sporulation period varies according to weather changes throughout the year.
New invasive pathogens in Estonia need more attention and furthermore research in order to understand the dynamics of the distribution of invasive fungal diseases and thus to implement effective preventive control measures. Based on the above, the aim of this bachelor’s thesis was to study brown spot needle blight caused by Lecanosticta acicola fruiting bodies and conidial abundance in Estonia climate conditions. Data were collected from January 2, 2018 to January 3, 2020. In the arboretum of the Estonian University of Life Sciences with an active spore trap (Bukard) placed near the diseased mountain pine (Pinus mugo). Needle samples were collected from the same tree from October 18, 2017 to January 3, 2020. A species-specific qPCR method was used to determine the number of spores in the air and a weather dataset was compiled for statistical analysis. Results show that Dew point (P<0.05) was statistically significant for the conidial production. As the air temperature increased and decreased, clear parallels were seen with the number of spores in the fruiting bodies. Conidial production was highest in July, August and September. In the second half of autumn, the number of spores in the fruiting bodies started to decrease until the spring months of March, April and May when spore numbers were the lowest. The results show that fruiting bodies sporulate all year round and even in weather conditions below 0°C. Conidia observed on spore trap showed a peak in abundance occurring in June. Warmer summers promote spore production therefor active sporulation period varies according to weather changes throughout the year.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Metsanduse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, eospüüdja, mägimänd, Pinus mugo, qPCR