Arabinoksülaani sisaldus nisu ja odra terades sõltuvalt väetamisest, ilmastikust ning sordist
Laen...
Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
31.08.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Maakera külvipinnast rohkem kui 50%-l kasvatatakse teravilja. Lisaks toitainetele
sisaldavad need ka nii tervisele kui toidu omadustele kasulikke kiudaineid,
arabinoksülaane. Käesoleva magistritöö eesmärk oli uurida arabinoksülaani sisaldust nisu
ja odra terades, sõltuvalt lämmastikuga väetamise tasemest, viljelusviisist, katseaastast ja
teravilja sordist. Töös analüüsiti arabinoksülaani sisaldust seitsmel eri väetusvariandil,
sealhulgas mahe-ja tavaviljelusest aastatel 2019-2021 kasvatatud talinisu `Fredis` ja
suvioder `Anni` jahvatatud teradest. Sordivõrdluskatse suviodra, tali- ja suvinisu proovid,
mille arabinoksülaani sisaldust võrreldi, saadi Jõgevamaalt METKist.
Talinisu ja suviodra terade arabinoksülaani sisaldus oli mõjutatud väetamisest.
Vastupidiselt suvioder `Anni` teradele oli talinisu `Fredis` terade arabinoksülaani sisaldus
kõrgem just väetist mitte saanud variantides, samas kui odra terade kõrgemad
arabinoksülaani väärtused olid mineraalse lämmastikväetisega väetatud variantides.
Tulemustest ei ilmnenud, et suurenev lämmastiku norm otseselt terade arabinoksülaani
sisaldust tõstaks. Viljeusviisi mõju avaldus vaid suviodral, kus see oli madalam
maheviljeluse tingimustes. Arabinoksülaani sisaldust mõjutas kõige rohkem
õhutemperatuur, olles suurem kõrgema taimekasvuperioodi aegse õhutemperatuuri korral.
Teravilja sordil oli usutav mõju nende arabinoksülaani sisaldusele. Nisud olid kõrgema
arabinoksülaani sisaldusega võrreldes otradega. Suure erinevusega olid sõkal- ja
paljasteralised nisud. Suviodra sortide arabinoksülaani sisalduse variatsioon oli usutav,
kuid väiksem võrreldes nisudega.
Cereals are grown on more than 50% of the earth's arable land. In addition to nutrients, they contain dietary fibers, such as arabinoxylans, which are beneficial for both human health and food properties. The aim of the research was to investigate the content of arabinoxylan in wheat and barley grains, depending on the nitrogen fertilization, cropping system, experimental year and grain variety. Winter wheat `Fredis' and spring barley `Anni' were grown in seven different fertilization treatments, including organic and conventional cropping in 2019-2021. Different spring barley, winter and spring wheat varities were obtained from METK in Jõgeva County. The arabinoxylan content of winter wheat and spring barley grains was affected by fertilization. The arabinoxylan content of wheat grains was higher in control treatments that did not receive fertilizer. Barley grains had higher arabinoxylan values in treatmetnts fertilized with mineral nitrogen fertilizer, but there was no correlation with increasing nitrogen rate. Cropping system only affected arabinoxylan in barley, being lower in organic cropping. The content of arabinoxylan was most affected by air temperature being higher when the crop growth period temperature was higher. Cereal variety had a significant effect on their arabinoxylan content. Wheat varieties had higher arabinoxylan content compared to barley varieties. There was a great difference between hulled and hull-less wheat grains, the former having higher content. The variation in arabinoxylan content of spring barley cultivars was plausible but smaller compared to wheat.
Cereals are grown on more than 50% of the earth's arable land. In addition to nutrients, they contain dietary fibers, such as arabinoxylans, which are beneficial for both human health and food properties. The aim of the research was to investigate the content of arabinoxylan in wheat and barley grains, depending on the nitrogen fertilization, cropping system, experimental year and grain variety. Winter wheat `Fredis' and spring barley `Anni' were grown in seven different fertilization treatments, including organic and conventional cropping in 2019-2021. Different spring barley, winter and spring wheat varities were obtained from METK in Jõgeva County. The arabinoxylan content of winter wheat and spring barley grains was affected by fertilization. The arabinoxylan content of wheat grains was higher in control treatments that did not receive fertilizer. Barley grains had higher arabinoxylan values in treatmetnts fertilized with mineral nitrogen fertilizer, but there was no correlation with increasing nitrogen rate. Cropping system only affected arabinoxylan in barley, being lower in organic cropping. The content of arabinoxylan was most affected by air temperature being higher when the crop growth period temperature was higher. Cereal variety had a significant effect on their arabinoxylan content. Wheat varieties had higher arabinoxylan content compared to barley varieties. There was a great difference between hulled and hull-less wheat grains, the former having higher content. The variation in arabinoxylan content of spring barley cultivars was plausible but smaller compared to wheat.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd