Skaneeritud punktipilvest ehitusinformatsioonimudeli koostamine hoone haldamiseks Eesti Rahva Muuseumi näitel
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Kuupäev
2017
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Anier, Karoliina
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Magistritöö eesmärgiks on uurida skaneeritud punktipilve alusel modelleeritud BIM haldusmudeli
kvaliteeti geodeedi seisukohast. Turunõudlusest tulenevalt püüavad geodeedid tulla välja paremate ja
huvitavamate ideedega, et leida uusi kliente ja tõsta geodeesia valdkonna väärtust. Hoonemudelite järgi
on olemas vajadus ja selle vastu tunnevad kliendid aina rohkem huvi.
Töö eesmärgi täitmiseks anti ülevaade teadusartiklitest ja autori kogemusest BIM haldusmudeli
loomise protsessist. Töös on uurimisobjektiks Eesti Rahva Muuseum (ERM), mille BIM-mudeli
loomine koosnes kahest osast: andmete kogumisest ja mudeli modelleerimisest. Andmete kogumise
olulisem etapp on hoone laserskaneerimine, lisaks kasutatakse veel tahhümeetri ja ortofoto
mõõdistusandmeid ning BIM-elemendid otsitakse BIM-kataloogidest. Enne skaneerimist ja
mudeldamist määratakse lähteülesanne, kus kirjeldatakse mudeli maht, detailsus ja väljanägemine.
Uurimistöö metoodikaks on juhtumiuuring (case study), kus peamiseks analüüsiüksuseks on
üksikjuhtum ehk ERM BIM haldusmudel. Kogutakse hulgaliselt olulisi fakte uurimisobjekti kohta ja
võrreldakse teiste andmetega, antud juhul projekti ja teostusjoonistega.
Töö teostamiseks kasutati Revit tarkvara, kus hetkel puudub võimalus kontrollida mudeli täpsust.
Punktipilvest modelleerimisel viidi läbi andmete võrdlus projekti, teostusjooniste ja BIM-mudeli
vahel. Mudelis peavad ruumi pindalad jääma tellija poolt ette antud 2% lubatud piiri sisse. Analüüsis
selgus, et kõige rohkem peaks tähelepanu pöörama modelleerimisel väikestele ja eri-tasapinnalistele
ruumidele ja seinte kõrgustele. Lisaks mõjusid seinte erinevustele ruumi suurus ja kuju. Vigade
põhjusteks võisid olla probleemid Reviti modelleerimistööriistade kasutamisega, mittesobivate
elementide kasutamine ja info kadumine andmete üleviimisel ühest programmist teise.
Skaneerimiskäigu suunalisi ja korruste kaupa seinte vigade kuhjumist ei avaldanud ja klaasipindade
peegeldumised mudelis suuri erinevusi ei tekitanud.
BIM-mudeli koostamine võiks olla uus väljund geodeesia ettevõtetele. Parima tulemuse saavutamiseks
peaks BIM-mudeli modelleerimise protsessi kaasama lisaks geodeedile veel arhitekti, ehitaja,
projekteerija, kinnisvarahalduri ja tehnosüsteemide spetsialisti. Kokkuvõtteks võib öelda, et BIMmudeli
koostamine on geodeedi pärusmaa või vähemalt osa sellest protsessis, näiteks punktipilvede
koostamise ja modelleerimise näol. Geodeet võiks vastutada eelkõige mudeli täpsuse eest.
Master's thesis aim is to explore the creating process from scanned point cloud based BIM model for management of facilities in different ways of data collection and to control the quality of the model in terms of surveyor. There is a necessity and customers are more and more interested in building 3D-models. In order to expand the surveyor work, the author explores the possibilities of BIM model creation by g surveyor. For the first time in Estonia, there were ordered the management of building information model at the national level in 2016. Riigi Kinnisvara AS (RIKAS) ordered the procurement procedure of the model from Hades Geodeesia OÜ. There name of the procurement is: "Estonian National Museum, creating a model of facilities management," which has also been the subject of this study. To reach the goal, the author of this work describes the scientific articles and the author's experiences how to do the point cloud based BIM model. The main data collection method is Terrestrial Laser Scanning. Another method was using the total station, the survey data and BIMelements were searched in BIM-catalogues. Creating a BIM model is divided into two. Firstly, Lasers-scanning and modeling. Before scanning and modeling, it has to be determined by the reference, which describes the model volume, the level of detail and appearance. The methodology of conducting the research is based on the case study, Estonian National Museum BIM model of facilities management. The author has collected a lot of important information about the object and compared with other data, in this case, with the execution of drawings and project data. Revit software has no way to verify the model, it will be control data analysis. Space area differences must be below 2%, which is required by RKAS. The analysis showed that most attention should have the modeling of small rooms and rooms on different levels and choosing the correct height of walls. In addition, the differences in the walls where effected by room size and the its shape of geometry. Error may have been causes by the problems in using Revit modeling tools, using not suitable elements, or loss of information in data transfer. Creating the BIM model could be a new output in geodesy, but it takes a lot of time to train the BIM Specialist. In order to have the best results, it is necessary for BIM modeling process to involve, in addition to surveyor, the architects, builders, designers, real estate managers and technical systems specialist. In conclusion it can be said that the surveyor is one of the most important specialist in creating BIM model, or at least in part of this process, for example in forming the point cloud draft and in modeling. The surveyor should be primarily responsible for the accuracy of the model.
Master's thesis aim is to explore the creating process from scanned point cloud based BIM model for management of facilities in different ways of data collection and to control the quality of the model in terms of surveyor. There is a necessity and customers are more and more interested in building 3D-models. In order to expand the surveyor work, the author explores the possibilities of BIM model creation by g surveyor. For the first time in Estonia, there were ordered the management of building information model at the national level in 2016. Riigi Kinnisvara AS (RIKAS) ordered the procurement procedure of the model from Hades Geodeesia OÜ. There name of the procurement is: "Estonian National Museum, creating a model of facilities management," which has also been the subject of this study. To reach the goal, the author of this work describes the scientific articles and the author's experiences how to do the point cloud based BIM model. The main data collection method is Terrestrial Laser Scanning. Another method was using the total station, the survey data and BIMelements were searched in BIM-catalogues. Creating a BIM model is divided into two. Firstly, Lasers-scanning and modeling. Before scanning and modeling, it has to be determined by the reference, which describes the model volume, the level of detail and appearance. The methodology of conducting the research is based on the case study, Estonian National Museum BIM model of facilities management. The author has collected a lot of important information about the object and compared with other data, in this case, with the execution of drawings and project data. Revit software has no way to verify the model, it will be control data analysis. Space area differences must be below 2%, which is required by RKAS. The analysis showed that most attention should have the modeling of small rooms and rooms on different levels and choosing the correct height of walls. In addition, the differences in the walls where effected by room size and the its shape of geometry. Error may have been causes by the problems in using Revit modeling tools, using not suitable elements, or loss of information in data transfer. Creating the BIM model could be a new output in geodesy, but it takes a lot of time to train the BIM Specialist. In order to have the best results, it is necessary for BIM modeling process to involve, in addition to surveyor, the architects, builders, designers, real estate managers and technical systems specialist. In conclusion it can be said that the surveyor is one of the most important specialist in creating BIM model, or at least in part of this process, for example in forming the point cloud draft and in modeling. The surveyor should be primarily responsible for the accuracy of the model.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Geodeesia õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, geodeesia, haldusmudelid, 3D-mudelid, terrestriline laserskaneerimine, parameetrilised elemendid