Elektriautode mõju Eesti elektrienergia tarbimisele
Laen...
Kuupäev
2018
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Järjest enam lisandub kasutusse seadmeid ja süsteeme, mis vajavad töötamiseks
elektrienergiat, sisepõlemismootoritega autode alternatiiviks valitakse elektriautosid,
mille elektritarve on aga küllalt suur. Sellest tulenevalt on käesoleva bakalaureusetöö
eesmärk anda ülevaade elektriautode hetkeolukorrast ja analüüsida elektriautodega seotud
algandmed, et jõuda elektrienergia tarbimist prognoosiva arvutuseni. Tuginedes
arvutustele, analüüsitakse elektrienergia tarbimise suurenemist Eesti elektrienergia
hetkeolukorraga. Töös käsitletakse elektri autode arengut, uuritakse Eestis olevaid
laadimisvõimalusi, hetkel kiirlaadijate poolt tarbitud elektrienergia statistikat ja antakse
ülevaade hetkel levinud elektriautodest. Leitakse autode poolt läbitav aastane läbisõit,
elektriauto keskmine elektritarve ja laadija efektiivsus. 2017. aastal kasutati kiirlaadijaid
132 000 korral ja tarbiti 1462 MWh elektrienergiat. Arvutuste tulemusena leidis autor, et
ühe elektriauto poolt tarbitav aastane elektrienergia kogus on 2693 kWh. Sellest tulenevalt
leiti Eestis registreeritud 1190 elektriauto aastaseks elektrienergia tarbimiseks 3205 MWh.
Elektriautode 7 – 22% osakaalul korral kõigist liiklusregistris olevatest autodest, tõuseks
elektrienergia tarbimine 146 – 459 GWh võrra. Eesti elektrienergia bilanss oli 2017. aasta
seisuga 2,7 TWh ülejäägis. Töö käigus leidis autor, et elektriautode laialdasema leviku
korral, ei põhjustaks see Eesti elektrienergia puudujääki.
The growing number of vehicles fitted with internal combustion engines worldwide means an increasing amount of exhaust gases in our atmosphere. In recent decades, more and more research has been done on exhaust gases and their causes. Because of this the reduction of exhaust gases and their harmful particles has become the current topic. In order to properly study exhaust gas emissions measures to measure exhaust gases and their hazardous particles are needed. The goal of this bachelor thesis is adjust the Airmodus A20 particle counter to measure the number of soot particles found in the exhaust gases to be used at engine test in the engine’s test laboratory at the Estonian university of life science. To achieve this goal, different literature on internal combustion engines and their exhaust gases was studied. Information on particle counting and the Airmodus A20 was gathered. In addition, particle counting experiments were conducted to gain knowledge of the methods of measuring particle numbers. The goal of this bachelor thesis was achieved by designing a custom measurement system for exhaust gas particle counting with the Airmodus A20. To test the new system a test methodology was developed and by which a combustion engine test was conducted in the engine’s test laboratory at the Estonian University of Life Science. Test results were analyzed and compared with other similar experiments, which confirmed that the custom test method was suitable for the desired purpose. The experiment results were analyzed and compared with other similar experiments, which confirmed that the custom test method and the adjusted Airmodus A20 were suitable for counting particles in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.
The growing number of vehicles fitted with internal combustion engines worldwide means an increasing amount of exhaust gases in our atmosphere. In recent decades, more and more research has been done on exhaust gases and their causes. Because of this the reduction of exhaust gases and their harmful particles has become the current topic. In order to properly study exhaust gas emissions measures to measure exhaust gases and their hazardous particles are needed. The goal of this bachelor thesis is adjust the Airmodus A20 particle counter to measure the number of soot particles found in the exhaust gases to be used at engine test in the engine’s test laboratory at the Estonian university of life science. To achieve this goal, different literature on internal combustion engines and their exhaust gases was studied. Information on particle counting and the Airmodus A20 was gathered. In addition, particle counting experiments were conducted to gain knowledge of the methods of measuring particle numbers. The goal of this bachelor thesis was achieved by designing a custom measurement system for exhaust gas particle counting with the Airmodus A20. To test the new system a test methodology was developed and by which a combustion engine test was conducted in the engine’s test laboratory at the Estonian University of Life Science. Test results were analyzed and compared with other similar experiments, which confirmed that the custom test method was suitable for the desired purpose. The experiment results were analyzed and compared with other similar experiments, which confirmed that the custom test method and the adjusted Airmodus A20 were suitable for counting particles in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Tehnika ja tehnoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, taastuvad energiaallikad, elektriautod, Eesti, tarbimine