Nutitehnika majapidamistes ning selle mõju elektritarbimise ühtlustamisele
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Kuupäev
2016
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Seoses elektritarbimise jätkuva tugeva kasvamisega on nõudluse rahuldamiseks vaja leida
tarkasid ja jätkusuutlikumaid lahendusi. Tehnoloogia areng võimaldab tänapäeval elektritarbimist
üha paremini analüüsida ning juhtida. Võrguettevõtted on loonud tarbija jaoks
programme, mis innustaksid teda elektrit kasutama ajal, mil võrgu koormus on väike.
Töö eesmärgiks on uurida erinevaid võrgu koormuse juhtimise meetodeid ning selgitada,
milline neist sobib kõige paremini eramajapidamistes kasutatava nutitehnika jaoks.
Uurimuse käigus on kasutatud eesti keelse kirjanduse puudumise tõttu valdavalt võõrkeelseid
raamatuid ja teadusartikleid. Võrgus toimunud muutuste kujutamisel on kasutatud
peamiselt Eesti võrguettevõtete ning Statistikaameti andmeid.
Kuigi soojusprotsessides osalevate seadmete mõju võrgule on kõige tugevam, on nende
poolt tekitatud võrgu koormuse juhtimine tarbijale sobival viisil raske, sest optimaalne
juhtimisprogramm eeldaks võrguettevõtete kontrolli seadmetele. Lisaks on soojus- ja jahutusseadmete
töö kõige olulisem ajal, mil võrgu koormus on kõrgeim. Teiste seadmete
puhul nõuab koormuse juhtimine palju tarbija poolset osalust. Põhjalikumalt tuleks uurida,
kuidas kombineerida seadmete kaugjuhitavat koormusjuhtimise poolautomatiseerimist
ning kuidas vältida uute koormustippude teket võrgus. Antud töö on sobilik edasiste uurimustööde
ja projektide tutvustavaks materjaliks.
In connection with the continually growing power consumption a smarter and sustainable way has to be sought out to meet the rising demand. The development in technology today allows us to better analyze and manage the consumption of power. Utility companies have developed demand response programs to incentivize customers to shift their power consumption from times of high demand to a time where the grid load is lesser. The aim of this thesis is to analyze different demand response programs and to find out which one of these is the most suitable for the use with residential smart appliances. Due to the lack of Estonian literature in this field, mostly English books and research articles have been used. Data from Estonian utility companies and Statistics Estonia have been used in presenting the load shifts of the grid. Although appliances, which partake in thermal processes, have the highest residential impact on the grid, they are fairly unsuitable to use as means of effective demand response in a way which will satisfy the customer. This is due to the fact, that the optimal control program would require remote access for the utility company over the appliance. Furthermore heating and cooling processes are most needed during times of high demand. Other devices require quite a lot costumer participation in demand response. Further research should be done to investigate how to combine remotely controllable semi-automated residential load performances and how to mitigate and avoid peak rebounds in the grid. This thesis is suitable as an introduction in this field for further research.
In connection with the continually growing power consumption a smarter and sustainable way has to be sought out to meet the rising demand. The development in technology today allows us to better analyze and manage the consumption of power. Utility companies have developed demand response programs to incentivize customers to shift their power consumption from times of high demand to a time where the grid load is lesser. The aim of this thesis is to analyze different demand response programs and to find out which one of these is the most suitable for the use with residential smart appliances. Due to the lack of Estonian literature in this field, mostly English books and research articles have been used. Data from Estonian utility companies and Statistics Estonia have been used in presenting the load shifts of the grid. Although appliances, which partake in thermal processes, have the highest residential impact on the grid, they are fairly unsuitable to use as means of effective demand response in a way which will satisfy the customer. This is due to the fact, that the optimal control program would require remote access for the utility company over the appliance. Furthermore heating and cooling processes are most needed during times of high demand. Other devices require quite a lot costumer participation in demand response. Further research should be done to investigate how to combine remotely controllable semi-automated residential load performances and how to mitigate and avoid peak rebounds in the grid. This thesis is suitable as an introduction in this field for further research.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
seadmed, elektritarbimine, bakalaureusetööd