Katuselaastudest dekoratiivplaadi valmistamine
Laen...
Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
09.09.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Puit on looduslik materjal, millel on võime siduda süsihappegaasi ja seega vähendada
negatiivset mõju keskkonnale. Puidujäätmed on tänapäeval oluline majanduslik ja
keskkonnaprobleem. Euroopa Liidus tekib igal aastal 50 miljonit kuupmeetrit
puidujäätmeid. Seega on oluline leida paremat kasutust puidujäätmetele.
Magistritöö eesmärgiks on leida kasutust seisma jäänud või jääk katuselaastudele ja leida
lahendus, sellele kuidas neid paremini ära kastuda ning vähendada nende kütteks
kasutamist. Töös kasutati kolme erineva puuliigi katuselaaste, puuliikideks oli: harilik
kuusk (Picea abies), sanglepp ehk must lepp (Alnus glutinosa) ja harilik haab (Populus
tremula). Dekoratiivplaadid pressiti hüdropressiga ja vaakum membraapressiga.
Töö tulemusteks valmis 9 plaati, millest 8 olid liimitud vineeri külge ja üks spooni külge.
Sanglepa laastudega 4, hariliku haava laastudega 2 ja hariliku kuuse laastudega kaks
vineeriga ja üks spooniga. Dekoratiivplaatide kõmmeldumist katsetati kliimakapis 23
kraadi juures ja kolme erineva õhuniiskuse sisaldusega, milleks olid 30%, 80% ja 95%.
Töös tehtud ja katsetatud plaatidest oli kõige suurem kõmmeldumine lepa laastudest tehtud
plaadil, kus 30 protsendilise ja 95 protsendilise õhuniiskuse keskmine, kõmmeldumise
muutus oli 9,35 mm. Kõige vähem kõmmeldusid haava laastudest tehtud
dekoratiivplaadid, nende keskmise kõmmeldumise vahe oli 2,2 mm. Spooniga tehtud plaat
kõmmeldus juba pressi all, seega pärast 95 protsendilist õhuniiskuse katset ei olnud enam
mõtet seda mõõta.
Dekoratiivplaadid on hea võimalus, kuidas leida kasutust puidujäätmetele. Ning kui leida
veel kasutust puidujäätmetele on võimalik sellega vähendada süsihappegaasi emissiooni.
Wood is a natural material that can bind carbon dioxide and thus reduce the negative impact on the environment. Wood waste is an important economic and environmental problem today. In the European Union, 50 million cubic meters of wood waste is generated every year. Therefore, it is important to find a better use for wood waste. The aim of the master’s thesis is to find a use for unused or leftover wood roof shakes and to find a solution to how to dispose of them better and reduce their use for heating. Roofing chips of three different tree species were used in the work, the tree species were: European spruce (Picea abies), European black alder (Alnus glutinosa) and European aspen (Populus tremula). The decorative plates were pressed with a hydraulic press and vacuum with a membrane press. The results of the work resulted in 9 plates, 8 of which were glued to plywood and one to veneer. 4 with European black alder chips, 2 with common aspen chips and 2 with spruce chips, two with plywood and one with veneer. The rattling of decorative tiles was tested in a climate cabinet at 23 degrees and with three different humidity levels, which were 30%, 80% and 95%. Of the boards made and tested in the work, the board made of alder shakes had the highest cupping, where the average of 30 percent and 95 percent air humidity, the cupping change was 9.35 mm. The decorative plates made from aspen shakes had the least amount of cupping, their average denting difference was 2.2 mm. The board made with veneer was already cupping under the press, so after the 95 percent humidity test, there was no point in measuring it. Decorative boards are a good way to find a use for wood waste. And if you find another use for wood waste, it is possible to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide.
Wood is a natural material that can bind carbon dioxide and thus reduce the negative impact on the environment. Wood waste is an important economic and environmental problem today. In the European Union, 50 million cubic meters of wood waste is generated every year. Therefore, it is important to find a better use for wood waste. The aim of the master’s thesis is to find a use for unused or leftover wood roof shakes and to find a solution to how to dispose of them better and reduce their use for heating. Roofing chips of three different tree species were used in the work, the tree species were: European spruce (Picea abies), European black alder (Alnus glutinosa) and European aspen (Populus tremula). The decorative plates were pressed with a hydraulic press and vacuum with a membrane press. The results of the work resulted in 9 plates, 8 of which were glued to plywood and one to veneer. 4 with European black alder chips, 2 with common aspen chips and 2 with spruce chips, two with plywood and one with veneer. The rattling of decorative tiles was tested in a climate cabinet at 23 degrees and with three different humidity levels, which were 30%, 80% and 95%. Of the boards made and tested in the work, the board made of alder shakes had the highest cupping, where the average of 30 percent and 95 percent air humidity, the cupping change was 9.35 mm. The decorative plates made from aspen shakes had the least amount of cupping, their average denting difference was 2.2 mm. The board made with veneer was already cupping under the press, so after the 95 percent humidity test, there was no point in measuring it. Decorative boards are a good way to find a use for wood waste. And if you find another use for wood waste, it is possible to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Metsatööstuse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, katuselaastud, puidujäätmed, dekoratiivplaadid